Evaluation of clinical profile and risk factors in dilated cardiomyopathy patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Chengalpattu district.

Abstract

Objective: To determine the clinical profile of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and to evaluate Electro Cardiogram and echocardiographic findings in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, in view of the high prevalence of chronic heart failure and underlying dilated cardiomyopathy.

Methods: It is a cross-sectional study conducted at Department of Medicine and Cardiology, Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Medical Sciences after ethical committee approval. 60 diagnosed cases of dilated cardiomyopathy were collected from January 2023 to December 2023 without a history of COPD, radiation, malignancy, and drug abuse. Clinical examination, ECG and Echocardiographic findings were collected and documented in Microsoft Excel. Quantitative variables were expressed in mean and standard deviation. Categorical data presented in frequency and proportions.

Results: The mean age at presentation was 60.12 years. The age of presentation varies significantly between males and females. Approximately 31.6% were reported to be smokers. The common co-morbidity is diabetes. Hypertension is very less patients in our study. At presentation dyspnea was the leading symptom in 85%. Ejection fraction was not preserved among 86.7%.

Conclusion: Dilated cardiomyopathy is common in a population of middle-aged people. The most common clinical presentation is dyspnea, followed by chest pain. Common abnormalities in ECG were right bundle branch block and left atrial enlargement. Among more than two-thirds of the participants, echocardiography revealed reduced ejection fraction.