In vitro callus induction and plant regeneration from mature seed embryo and young shoots in a giant sympodial bamboo, Dendrocalamus farinosus (Keng et Keng f.) Chia et H.L. Fung

Abstract

The method for callus induction, adventitious shoot induction and plant regeneration derived from mature embryos of the seed and young shoots in Dendrocalamus farinosus was examined. For young shoots, the lowest callus induction frequency (21.0 to 29.7%) was obtained and the induced callus became brown and perished after two weeks. For mature embryos of the seed, an efficient protocol for callus induction, adventitious shoot induction and plant regeneration was developed. The best callus induction medium for mature embryos was observed to be Murashige and Skoog (MS) supplemented with 2.0 mg l^-1 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) in combination with 0.2 mg l^-1 kinetin (Kn) plus 0.4 mg l^-1 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). Callus induction frequency was 95%. The highest adventitious shoot induction frequency (91.2 ± 2.18%) was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 2.5 mg l^-1 kn plus 0.5 mg l^-1 indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). The regenerated adventitious shoots were rooted in vitro on MS medium with 0.4 mg l^-1 IBA plus 0.25 mg l^-1 IAA. Rooted plantlets successfully acclimatized to the greenhouse and 90.1% survived after being transplanted to plastic pots (measuring 30 cm in  diameter) with garden soil.

Key words: Callus culture, plant regeneration, making-pulp use, Dendrocalamus farinosus.