Fungicide, antibiotic, heavy metal resistance and salt tolerance of root nodule isolates from Vicia palaestina

Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of fungicides, antibiotics, heavy metal and salt on growth of Rhizobium isolates which isolated from the Vicia palaestina from Sanlıurfa, Turkey. Twenty Rhizobium bacteria were isolated. Isolates were tested for their tolerance to mancozeb, carbendazim or mancozeb + carbendazim. The effect of the fungicides on the isolates of Rhizobium was variable, depending on the fungicide and isolate. All of the rhizobial isolates showed resistance to the antibiotic (μg ml^-1); streptomycin sulphate (75) and to heavy metals Cu (0.5 mmol), Cd (0.065 mmol), Zn (0.125 and 0.250 mmol) and Mn (0.75 mmol). An experiment was conducted to find out the effects of varying salt concentrations ranging from 1 to 4 % NaCl. Isolates (V1, V9, V13, V14, V15, V18 and V20) were found to tolerate a relatively high salt concentration.

Key words: Rhizobium, Vicia palaestina, fungicide, antibiotic, heavy metal and salinity.