Optimization of industrial production of rifamycin B by Amycolatopsis mediterranei. II. The role of gene amplification and physiological factors in productivity in shake flasks

Abstract

Amplification of gene expression of the most productive colony type of Amycolatopsis mediterranei strain N1 under stress of chloramphenicol, resulted in isolation of a variant NCH with productivity of 2.56 g/l compared to 1.15 g/l by the parent strain N1 (2.2 fold increase). This amplified variant has a further advantage of reduced variation in colony morphology with predominance of the most productive colony type. Using variant NCH, modification of the fermentation medium F1 by the addition of 0.1% yeast extract or the use of 1.8% KNO₃ resulted in 3.8 and 5.8-fold increase in productivity, respectively, compared to strain N1. When the F1 medium was replaced by a new medium F2 containing soytone, instead of the particulate constituents (peanut meal and soybean meal) the yield by variant NCH reached 7.85 g/l (6.8-fold increase). Modification of the F2 medium by addition of glycerol or the replacement of glucose by glucose syrup decreased rifamycin B production. Changing the concentration of soytone increased the yield only slightly while replacing it with peptone or tryptone or the addition of 1 % corn steep liquor failed to increase the yield. On the other hand, the addition of 0.1 % yeast extract, or the replacement of 0.6% (NH₄)₂SO₄ by 1.2% KNO₃ or 0.4% NH₄NO₃, to F2 medium led to 8.2, 10.2 and 10.4-fold increase in productivity, respectively, compared to productivity of strain N1 in F1 medium. The change in the concentrations of either MgSO₄ or CaCO₃, the use of different types of antifoams and the use of higher concentrations of sodium diethyl barbiturate did not significantly influence the yield. These collective optimization attempts thus resulted in a 10.4-fold increase in productivity, from 1.15 to 11.99 g/l.


Key words: Rifamycin B, fermentation, biotechnology, Amycolatopsis mediterranei, optimization, gene amplification, physiological factors.


African Journal of Biotechnology Vol.3(5) 2004: 273-280