Sugar production from durian (Durio zibethinus Murray) peel by acid hydrolysis

Abstract

Agricultural waste is mainly composed of cellulose and hemicelluloses which can be converted to sugars. The inexpensive sugar from durian peel was hydrolyzed with H₂SO₄, HCl and H₃PO₄ at a concentration of 0.5 to 2.0% (v/v). The hydrolysis times ranging from 15 to 60 min were investigated when the mixture was autoclaved at 121°C. The result shows that acid hydrolysis efficiency (AHE) with H₂SO₄, HCl and H₃PO₄ had values of 72.15 to 77.55, 70.78 to 80.99 and 73.33 to 77.34%, respectively. Hydrolysis with H₂SO₄ and HCl led to increased concentration of AHE, reducing sugar and total sugar, while hydrolysis with H₃PO₄ had no effect on all values. Hydrolysis time had no effect on AHE, reducing sugar and total sugar in hydrolysis with H₂SO₄ and HCl; while in hydrolysis with H₃PO₄, the increasing time increased AHE and reducing sugar but had no effect on total sugar. Sugar in the hydrolysates was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In hydrolysis with H₂SO₄ and HCl, glucose, fructose and xylose were found while in hydrolysis with H₃PO₄, glucose and fructose were found.

Keywords: Acid hydrolysis efficiency (AHE), hydrolysis, durian peel, reducing sugar, total sugar.

African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 12(33), pp. 5244-5251