In vitro callus formation in cultivated and wild species of Cyamopsis

Abstract

2,4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2, 4-D) and benzylaminopurine (BAP) induced callusing from cotyledons in all three species of Cyamopsis. The maximum callus induction from cotyledon explant was evident in Cyamopsis serrata and Cyamopsis senegalensis on a medium supplemented with 2,4-D (2 mg/l). On the other hand, Cyamopsis tetragonoloba showed poor callus formation on the same medium. The callus however, proliferated well on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium adjuncted with naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) (2 mg/l) + BAP (2 mg/l). Hypocotyl of all the tested species of Cyamopsis showed very good callus induction response in the medium supplemented with 2 mg/l 2,4-D. As the concentration of BAP increased from (1 mg/l) to (2 mg/l) in combination with NAA (2 mg/l) callus formation was also increased. From cotyledonary node explant, when NAA (2 mg/l) is combined with BAP (1 mg/l), then good callusing was observed in C. serrata whereas no callusing was found in other species. 2,4-D induce callusing in all the three species of cyamopsis at (2mg/l) concentration and both the wild species have more callus formation then cultivated species. In C. serrate, good callusing was observed at BAP (1 mg/l) from immature embryo explant. When the concentration of NAA is increased to 1 mg/l and concentration of BAP is decreased with 0.5 mg/l, response was decreased in wild species of C. senegalensis whereas no change in response was found in the other two species.

Keywords: Callus induction, cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba), Cyamopsis serrata, Cyamopsis senegalensis.

African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 12(30), pp. 4813-4818