Adventitious shoot formation and plant regeneration from leaf explants of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.)

Abstract

Shoot multiplication and regeneration system was developed for two carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) cultivars. For shoot multiplication, shoots of White Sim cultivar were cultivated onto MS media containing different levels of 6-benzyladenine (BA) and α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). High multiplication frequency was obtained on media containing 0.54 μM NAA combined with 4.4 or 8.8 μM BA. For regeneration study, leaf explants from White Sim and Red Sim cultivars were cultured onto media containing different concentrations of N-1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-y-N’-N’-phenyl urea (TDZ) combined with different concentrations of NAA. Shoot regeneration was obtained only on media containing high concentrations of the cytokinin, up to 85% shoot regeneration was obtained with 20 μM TDZ and 2.7 μM NAA in ‘White Sim’ and 75% in ‘Red Sim’. Similar trend was observed with shoot number in both cultivars. High root regeneration was obtained when the explants were cultured on medium with NAA only. Shoot regeneration was associated with callus formation. Regenerated shoots were rooted ex vitro, acclimatized and grown normally in the greenhouse.

Keywords: Cytokinins, carnation, multiplication, regeneration, thidiazuron

African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 12(21), pp. 3244-3249