Synteny (co-linearity) in some cereal crops genomes as revealed by amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP), simple sequence repeats (SSR) and inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) markers

Abstract

Genomes of barley, maize, rice, wheat and sorghum were characterized based on three different mole-cular markers based on DNA sequence namely; Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms (AFLP), Simple  Sequence Repeats (SSR) and Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) markers. Five AFLP primer combinations were used for fingerprinting six cultivars which belongs to barley, rice and wheat cultivars leading to the  production of numerous AFLP bands, 300 of them were polymorphic. Thirty SSR markers were obtained from  fingerprinting eight cultivars belonging to the five studied species using 11 SSR primers, whereas 91 ISSR  markers were obtained from fingerprinting the same cultivars using 10 ISSR primers. All data were analyzed  using Numerical Taxonomy System of Multivariate Statistical (NTSYS-pc) software packages to address the relationship and studying the synteny between the genomes of the five cereal species. The resulted  dendrogram revealed that rice, barley and wheat genomes are more related to each other than sorghum and maize genomes that appeared close relatedness to each other but distant from other cereal's genomes under study. Barley and wheat genomes revealed close relatedness to each other compared to rice genome.

Key words: Amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP), simple sequence repeats (SSR), inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR), wheat, barley, rice, synteny.