Relationship between morphological and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) marker based genetic distance with heterosis in hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

Abstract

Identification of potential parents that produce the hybrids with superior yield is the most important step in developing hybrids to save the substantial resources. The present study was carried out to assess the morphological and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) marker based genetic diversity, to estimate mid parent heterosis and to correlate the estimated parental genetic diversity with heterosis chilli. Five CMS B - lines and 30 testers were used for morphological and AFLP marker genetic divergence analysis. 150 hybrids were synthesized through Line × Tester (5 × 30) mating design and were used to estimate the mid-parent heterosis for nine characters at two locations. 35 parents were examined for nine morphological traits and were grouped in to six clusters. These parents were also examined for eight AFLP primers combinations and were grouped into seven clusters. More than 50% of hybrids showed significant mid-parent heterosis for both green and red fruit yield plant-1. Hence, there is a much potential for development of good yielding hybrids. The positive significant correlation was found between morphological and AFLP marker distance of the parents with heterosis for plant height (r = 0.17 and 0.38), green fruit yield plant^-1 (r = 0.19 and 0.25) and red fruit yield plant^-1 (r = 0.20 and 0.34); however, the correlation coefficients were not strong in these traits. Genetic distance between parents was not strong enough to predict the performance of the hybrids and proved to be of no predictive value.

Keywords: Correlation, molecular markers, genetic diversity, chilli