Effect of garlic’s mode of administration on erythrocytes and plasma parameters in Wistar rat

Abstract

Garlic preparations are recognized as hypolipidemic, cardioprotective and antihypertensive agents. However, there are some discrepancies about the beneficial effects of garlic according to dosage and mode of administration. We aimed to determine the ability of high dosage garlic (5 g/kg bw) to modulate erythrocytes and plasma parameters when administered orally (p.o.) or via intraperitoneal (i.p.) route. With regard to erythrocytes parameters, p.o. garlic treatment was found to have beneficial effects as it increased hemoglobin and hematocrit levels. Garlic i.p. treatment showed detrimental activity as it decreased these parameters. Our results reveal that garlic administered by p.o. does not involve any significant variation on mean cell volume (MCV), mean cell hemoglobin (MCH) and mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). Nevertheless, garlic i.p. increased MCV but reduced the MCH. The MCHC remained invariable even in intraperitoneal way. Concerning plasma parameters, our data show that garlic did not induce any variation on glycaemia and plasma electrolytes whatever its mode of administration. High garlic dosage was found to be relatively safe when administered orally.

Keywords: Garlic, erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, glycaemia, plasmatic electrolytes, administration mode