Synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles and their antibacterial effects

Abstract

The zinc oxide nanoparticles with the average particle size of about 30 nm were synthesized by the chemical technique and their properties were studied with the help of scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction. The aim of this study was to detect the antibacterial properties of 0.01, 0.5 and 1% nano-ZnO against Escherichia coli. E. coli was cultured in liquid and agar nutrient medium to evaluate the antibacterial effects of 0.01, 0.05 and 1% of ZnO via the optical density (OD) and log CFU/ml measurements. Non-significant effect was seen for 0.01% of ZnO nano-particles, while 0.05 and 1% of nanoparticles showed considerably decreased bacterial number. A 4.385 and 2.04 times decrease in the OD value was found in the presence of 1 and 0.5% nano-ZnO, respectively (P<0.001) as compared to the control. In the second study, 6.3 log CFU/ml of E. coli were present in the cultures treated with 1% nano-ZnO at 4°C in water. Control E. coli cells survived for 12 days, while complete cell death was seen when 1% nano-ZnO was applied for 24 h. In the third study, E. coli was grown in the agar medium with and without nanoparticles and suppressed growth (8.56 times; P<0.001) was seen in the presence of 1% nano-ZnO.

Keywords: ZnO-nanoparticle, antibacterial, bactericidal, Escherichia coli