Biochemical profile of cuttings used for in vitro organogenesis of Prunus africana: An endangered species in Cameroon

Abstract

Prunus africana (Kanda stick) is a valuable medicinal tree classified as priority species for domestication in Cameroon. To measure the ability for developing axillary buds and multiple shoots in relation with the origin and state of explants, some biochemical parameters were assessed in eight types of single-node cuttings. These cuttings were treated with different concentrations of kinetin (kin) indole butyric acid (IBA) and thidiazuron (TDZ) and cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. The glutelin content (1.13 ± 0.201 µg/mg FW) was higher compared to those of total albumin, globulin and prolamin and most representative at mature vegetative apical stage (MVA). The highest (15.60 ± 1.966 µg/mg FW) and lower (2.82 ± 0.072 µg/mg FW) amount of phenol compound was observed in the mature dormant stages and immature vegetative distal stage (IVD), respectively. Regarding the peroxidases, highest activity (0.453 ± 0.055 OD/mg/ FW.5 min^-1) was obtained in mature dormant apical stage. Apart from IVA state, there was no reactive explant cultured in vitro. The high percentage of budding and proliferation of budding (100%) and rooting (100%) were achieved with 12 μM Kin and 24 μM IBA, respectively. In the presence of 24 μM TDZ, multiple shoot was induced with a maximum of 5 shoots/explants. Micropropagation success of P. africana is influenced by cytokinin, physiological and biochemical status of single node cutting.

Key words: Biochemical profile, Prunus africana, budding, multiple shoots, rooting.