In vitro development and regeneration of microcorms in saffron (Crocus sativus L)

Abstract

Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) being triploid in nature is propagated by vegetative means through corms. The natural propagation rate of such plant species is relatively low; therefore an in vitro multiplication technique like micropropagation has been used as an alternative method of propagation for saffron. In the present investigation, apical bud explants were cultured on different nutrient media supplemented with various concentrations of plant growth regulators. Micro-corm formation was observed on all the media combinations. Maximum number (10) and weight (1.54 g) of microcorms developed were observed on MS media supplemented with 6-benzyl amino purine (BAP) (2 mg/L) + naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) (0.5 mg/L) + paclobutrazol (1.5 mg/L). Cultural conditions under light or in dark did not affect the corm formation and growth. Shoot and root regeneration was observed in the microcorms developed under in-vitro conditions. Maximum number of shoot (11.6) and length of shoots (11.4 cm) was also observed on MS media supplemented with NAA (21.6 µM) + BAP (22.2 µM). Maximum number of roots (11) and length of roots (11.4 cm) were obtained on G-5 media containing NAA (21.6 µM) + BAP (22.2 µM). The above observations will be useful as the base to make a possible road way for production of quality planting material in saffron.

Keywords: Saffron, growth regulators, micropropagation, apical bud

African Journal of Biotechnology, Vol 13(26) 2637-2640