Attenuative effects of Rosmarinus officinalis on gentamicin-induced acute kidney injury among adult male albino rats

Abstract

Gentamicin (GN) is one the first-line drugs for managing severe gram-negative bacterial infections in low-income populations, but its association with acute kidney injury (AKI) has limited its use in clinical applications. Rosmarinus Officinalis (rosemary) is a traditional herb rich in antioxidants, and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the histological effect of Rosmarinus Officinalis (RO) on GN has not yet been explicated. The study investigated the protective histological effect of RO on gentamicin induced acute Kidney injury in adult male albino rats of Rattus norvegicus. This study used a total of 25 rats that were systematically randomized into 5 groups of five rats each: Control received rat pellets plus water ad libitum, GN (100mg/kg/bwt/i.p), low dose RO (RO100mg/kg/bwt/po +GN), medium RO(150mg/kg/bwt/po+GN) ,and high dose RO(200mg/kg/bwt/po+GN). GN was administered intraperitoneal and RO orally for seven days. Albino rats were humanely sacrificed after 24hours of the last drug administration, blood collected for biomarkers and kidney harvested for histological examination. Histological findings in the low RO, medium RO, and gentamicin groups; the glomerulus shrunken, proximal convoluted tubules and Bowman's space were dilated, respectively, whereas those in the high-dose RO and control groups were normal and comparable.
This study shows that Co-administration of a high dose of RO attenuates histological effects of Gentamicin-induced AKI among Male albino rats.