Restorative effects of Azadicarachta indica on the kidney histomorphometry in cisplatintreated Wister albino rats

Abstract

Background: Cisplatin is used for treatment of soft tissue tumors and has been associated with nephrotoxicity. Azadirachta indica is a local herb that has been associated with attenuation and counteracting the nephrotoxic effects of cisplatin. However, there is inadequate histomorphometric evidence to support this potential. This study therefore aims to evaluate the possible Restorative Effects of Azadirachta indica on Kidney Histomorphometry in Cisplatin-Treated Wister Albino Rats. Methods: Twenty-five Wister Albino Rats of weight 250-400g were randomly selected into five groups of control or experimental with each group containing five animals. The control group only fed on water adlibitum. Experimental group one was administered with intraperitoneal injection 0.28mg/kg of cisplatin, other three experimental groups were given a constant dose of intraperitoneal 0.28mg/kg of cisplatin on day one followed by per oral 6.67mg/kg/bwt/day experimental group two, 5mg/kg/bwt/day experimental group three and 3.33mg/kg/bwt/day experimental group four of azadiracta indica on day five for seven days. On day thirteen all animals were euthanized. The kidneys were histologically prepared. Photomicrographs were taken and uploaded on stepanizer for histostereology. Results: The glomerulus and the Bowmans capsule of experimental group one, two and four had a significant (P ≤ 0.0001) reduction and increased respectively, only the glomerulus space for the experimental group two had significant (P ≤ 0.002) increase as compared to the control. Conclusion: Out of the three doses of azadicracta indica, the medium dose of 5.0mg/kg was able to restore the histomorphometry and histostereology of the kidney on administration of 0.28mg/kg of cisplatin.