A randomised controlled trial on clinical efficacy of sodium perborate mixed with distilled water and 30% hydrogen peroxide in the lightening of non-vital discoloured anterior teeth

Abstract

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of sodium perborate mixed with distilled water and sodium perborate mixed with 30% hydrogen  peroxide as non–vital bleaching agent of anterior discolored teeth.

Materials and methods: A randomized controlled trial was undertaken among 61 patients who presented with 70 discolored anterior  teeth at the Conservative and Family Dentistry Clinics of the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. The 70 teeth were randomly  allocated into two groups of treatments. In Group A, the test group, the coronal part of endodontically treated teeth was further treated with sodium perborate mixed with distilled water while group B, the control group, the coronal part of endodontically treated teeth were  also further treated with sodium perborate mixed with 30% hydrogen peroxide. Information on study participants biodata and  satisfaction with treatment were obtained. Tooth shade assessment was done using shade guide units of the vitapan shade guide at baseline and during recall visits on days 7, 14, and 21. Frequencies, means and standard deviations were generated. Chi-squared test was  used to determine the association between two categorical variables at p<0.05.

Results:In the control group the mean ± SD tooth shade  was 12.5 ±3.2, 8.7 ± 3.8, 4.9 ± 2.8 and 3.1 ± 2.2 at baseline, Day 7, Day 14 and Day 21 respectively. In the test group, the corresponding  values are 12.8 ± 3.2, 9.6 ± 3.9, 5.6 ± 3.0 and 4.0 ± 2.9. The mean ± SD tooth shade scores of control and test group was 12.5 ± 3.2 and 12.8  ± 3.2 respectively (p = 0.15). Twenty-two (62.9%) and 19(54.3%) of the study participants in the control and test groups respectively  reported that they were extremely satisfied (p=0.60).

Conclusion: The effectiveness of sodium perborate mixed with distilled water and  sodium perborate mixed with 30% hydrogen peroxide in lightening the coronal part of endodontically treated non-vital discolored  anterior teeth were similar. Both bleaching agents demonstrated similar patient satisfaction.