Prevalence and predictors of exclusive breastfeeding among mothers in a semi-urban Nigerian community: A cross-sectional study

Abstract

Background: The uptake of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is low globally including Nigeria despite its benefits and interventions. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and predictors of EBF among mothers in a semiurban Nigerian community.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study among nursing mothers attending the immunization clinic at the Federal Medical Centre, Owo, Ondo State. A semi-structured questionnaire containing the World Health Organization’s indicators for assessing breastfeeding practices was used for data collection.

Results: A total of 386 mothers were recruited with a mean age of 30.8 ± 5.0 years. Among them, 149 (36.8%) were below 30 years, 345 (89.4%) have had ANC visit at least four times, and 259 (67.1%) had initiated breastfeeding immediately after delivery. The prevalence of EBF was 52.6%. Natural feeds were the common feeds introduced after 6 months among 159 (78.3%) mothers. One hundred and forty-four  (62.1%) nursing mothers aged 30 years or older practiced EBF compared to 72 (48.3%) persons below 30  years (X² = 6.290, p = 0.012). Also, 38 (70.3%) mothers who have delivered four or more children practiced  EBF compared to 180 (54.2%) with fewer children (X² = 5.437, p = 0.020). Nursing mothers aged  30 years or older had 36% higher odds of practicing EBF compared to younger persons (Adjusted  Odds Ratio = 1.358, 95%CI = 0.886 – 2.081, p = 0.160).

Conclusion: To achieve the WHO recommended target of ensuring that 90% of nursing mothers practice EBF, advocacy and health education must be intensified.