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Published:
Oct 6, 2024DOI:
10.4314/ahs.v24i3.34Keywords:
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Main Article Content
Burden of childhood diarrhea and cholera outbreaks in the Lake Tana Basin (Ethiopia): Review
Abstract
Objectives: Diarrhoea is one of the leading causes of childhood morbidity and mortality, while cholera outbreaks are a major public health emergency insub-Saharan African countries. This study was aimed at investigating the link between climate changes and cholera outbreaks, and the burden of childhood diarrhoea in the Lake Tana Basin (Ethiopia).
Methods: Research articles published in English were searched from Google scholar, PubMed, and Web of science and these were supplemented by a four-year secondary data of childhood diarrhoea and cholera outbreaks extracted from health management information system (HMIS) in 61 districts.
Results: The mean prevalence of diarrhoea per 1000 children was 420 (95% CI:311.7; 528.6). The prevalence of childhood diarrhoea showed spatial and temporal variation hereby 16.4% (10/61) districts exhibited high prevalence (>201/1000 children). The prevalence of diarrhoea was significantly higher in boys compared to girls (p = 0.001), while the incidence of cholera was significantly higher in females compared to males (p < 0.001). Heavy precipitation and El-Niño events were linked to the episodes of cholera outbreaks.
Conclusions: Health interventions should consider spatial and temporal variations of diarrhoea. The cholera outbreak preparedness needs to be aware during the events of climate changes in the hotspot areas.
Keywords: Cholera; diarrhoea; climate change; Lake Tana Basin; Ethiopia.
