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Published:
Dec 14, 2021DOI:
10.4314/ahs.v21i4.33Keywords:
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Main Article Content
A cohort study of the relationship between anaemia, mean corpuscular volume and mortality among a CKD population in South Africa
Abstract
Background: The burden of chronic kidney disease is increasing globally and prompt identification, coupled with improved management of CKD patients have increased the population of pre-dialysis patients. We, therefore, aimed to evaluate the predictors of survival among pre-dialysis CKD patients in South Africa.
Methods: We conducted a cohort study of 256 consecutive consenting Black non-dialysis requiring CKD patients attending the renal outpatient clinic of a tertiary Hospital in South Africa from 1st June 2016 to 1st December 2016. Socio-demographic and clinical information of the participants were obtained. Descriptive statistics, Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were conducted to evaluate factors affecting the survival of the participants.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 52.8±14.3 years and 48.0% were females, 52% were males. The death rate increased with worsening haemoglobin level from 0.96 among patients with mild anaemia to 4.29 per 100-person years among patients with severe anaemia. Anaemic patients with GFR < 30mls/min had significantly increased risk of death (HR 11.51, 95% CI 1.62–78.32, P < 0.001).
Conclusion: Mortality in pre-dialysis CKD patients was associated with anaemia and hyperphosphatemia. Clinical interventions targeted at preventing these conditions may improve outcomes among this group of CKD patients.
Keywords: Chronic kidney disease; mortality anaemia; outcomes, survival.
