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Main Article Content
Variations in Red Blood Cell and White Blood Cell Indices Among Persons Living With HIV on Treatment and Treatment Naïve at Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi
Abstract
Background
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is
associated with variable haematological
manifestations which are more common among
persons living with HIV (PLWH) than the general
population.
Objectives
This cross-sectional study was designed to
ascertain the variations in red blood cell and white
blood cell indices in PLWH on antiretroviral
treatment and those that are treatment naïve at
NAUTH, Nnewi.
Methods
The study included a total of 180 adult participants
which comprised eighty PLWH on antiretroviral
treatment (PLWH on ART), forty PLWH not on ART
(PLWH non-ART) and sixty HIV negative control
subjects. Red blood cell and white blood cell
indices were measured using
Diatron’shaematology auto-analyser.
Results
The Red blood cell count, Haematocrit and
Haemoglobin levels were significantly lower in
PLWH not on ART when compared to PLWH on
ART and HIV negative subjects. Mean cell
haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were
significantly lower in PLWH on ART and PLWH not
on ART compared to HIV negative subjects. The
Mean cell volume (MCV) was significantly higher in
HIV negative subjects compared to PLWH on ART
and PLWH not on ART, while the total white blood
cell count was significantly higher in HIV negative
subjects compared to PLWH not on ART. The
monocyte count was significantly higher in PLWH
on ART compared to PLWH not on ART and HIV
negative subjects.
Conclusion
HIV infection results in significant variations in
some red cell and white cell indices. The negative
variations improve among PLWH on ART
compared to PLWH not on ART. This affirms the
favourable prospects of antiretroviral therapy in
resolving derangements in some haematological
parameters.
