https://www.ajol.info/index.php/acsj/issue/feed African Crop Science Journal 2025-03-12T14:22:07+00:00 Dr. J.S. Tenywa acss@caes.mak.ac.ug Open Journal Systems <p>The <em>African Crop Science Journal,</em> a quarterly publication, publishes original research papers dealing with all aspects of crop agronomy, production, genetics and breeding, germplasm, crop protection, post harvest systems and utilisation, agro-forestry, crop-animal interactions, information science, environmental science and soil science. It also publishes authoritative reviews on crop science and environmental issues by invitation. It is bilingual, publishing in either English or French. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</p> <p>Other websites related to the journal include: <a title="http://www.bioline.org.br/cs" href="http://www.bioline.org.br/cs" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://www.bioline.org.br/cs</a></p> https://www.ajol.info/index.php/acsj/article/view/290965 Inventaire et importance des maladies du mil dans le Nord de la Côte d’Ivoire 2025-03-12T12:45:19+00:00 A.L. N’cho laurentncho6@yahoo.fr H.A. N’da laurentncho6@yahoo.fr OK.S. Kouadio laurentncho6@yahoo.fr <p>En Côte d’Ivoire, le mil occupe la troisième place des céréales produites et consommées, cependant, sa production est limitée par plusieurs facteurs, dont l’impact des maladies. L’objectif de l’étude a été d’identifier et d’évaluer l’ampleur des maladies du mil dans la région du Tchologo. Ainsi, la région du Tchologo a été prospectée suivant les quatre points cardinaux et sur chaque point les sites d’échantillonnage ont été constitués par des villages. Dans chacun des villages, dix champs ont été prospectés. Au total, deux cent champs ont été prospectés dans la région. Le développement des maladies a été suivi par des observations depuis la germination jusqu’au stade maturité des plantes, les maladies ont été identifiées par observation directe des symptômes apparents. Les prospections ont permis d’identifier sept maladies, dont six fongiques et une virale. Les maladies fongiques identifiées sont&nbsp;: le charbon, la rouille, la morve rouge, l’helminthosporiose, l’ergot et la kabatiellose. La seule maladie virale identifiée est le pokkah boeng. L’évaluation des incidences a montré que dans cette région le mil est plus attaqué le charbon avec un taux de 30 %, suivi respectivement du pokkah boeng (25 %), de l’ergot (20 %), la rouille (18 %), la morve rouge (17 %), l’helminthosporiose (9,33 %) et la kabatiellose (9 %). Les résultats de cette étude permettront donc de mettre en place des méthodes de lutte plus efficaces afin de garantir une sécurité alimentaire dans cette région.</p> 2025-03-12T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 https://www.ajol.info/index.php/acsj/article/view/290966 Contribution des fruits de Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Del. à l’économie des ménages et à la sécurité alimentaire au Tchad 2025-03-12T12:55:37+00:00 K. Djondang djondang.koye@itrad.td E. Ehnon Gongnet djondang.koye@itrad.td <p>Au Tchad, les fruits de <em>Balanites aegyptiaca</em> (L.) Del. contribuent significativement à l’économie locale, mais leur exploitation durable nécessite une meilleure compréhension. Cette étude visait à analyser les pratiques d’exploitation et la contribution socio-économique des fruits de B. aegyptiaca (L.) Del. dans la région du Mayo- Kebbi Est. Ainsi, une enquête a été menée auprès de 100 ménages répartis sur 5 sites ( Abba Liman, Gelendeng , Mapling , Radi et Gournayda ), à l’aide d’un questionnaire via KoboCollect. Les résultats montrent que 97 % des ménages récoltent en saison sèche (novembre-février), collectant en moyenne 3,6 T par an. L’activité est menée, principalement par les femmes (82 %) et les enfants (79 %), implique 2 à 5 membres par ménage. L’analyse a révélé que l’âge des collecteurs, le nombre de participants à la collecte et le temps hebdomadaire consacré à la récolte influencent significativement sur les revenus annuels issus de la collection de Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Del. Les fruits ont des usages multiples : thérapeutiques (38 %), culturels (24 %), et 42 % sont commercialisés, générant en moyenne 336 $ par ménage. Cette activité représente 25 à 75 % des revenus familiaux pour 91 % des ménages. Malgré des défis majeurs (accès aux marchés, fluctuations des prix, stockage), et diminution de la ressource signalée par 97 % des répondants, la filière montre un potentiel significatif pour le développement local, soutenu par des efforts de régénération naturelle (99 %) et de plantation (29 %).</p> 2025-03-12T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 https://www.ajol.info/index.php/acsj/article/view/290967 Evaluation de l’efficacite des biopesticides comme strategie de lutte contre les chenilles du cotonnier au Togo 2025-03-12T13:02:56+00:00 N.A. Nadio nadiow@yahoo.fr S.M. Aguem nadiow@yahoo.fr E.M. Bokobana nadiow@yahoo.fr W. Poutouli nadiow@yahoo.fr K. Koba nadiow@yahoo.fr K. Sanda nadiow@yahoo.fr <p>Les programmes de protections phytosanitaires utilisés actuellement par les sociétés cotonnières (<em>Gossypium hirsutum</em> L.) en Afrique subsaharienne (ASS) sont à base des matières actives chimiques de synthèse. Ces substances en plus d’être couteuses sont nocives pour la santé humaine, l’environnement et créent des problèmes de résistances des ravageurs. Cette étude visait à évaluer l’efficacité des biopesticides dans le programme de protection du cotonnier. Elle a porté sur six traitements dont trois à base du Bacillus thuringiensis (Prog3, Prog4 et Prog5) et trois autres à base du Virus Polyhédrose Nucléaire (Prog6, Prog7 et Prog8). Ils ont été comparés au témoin non traité et au traitement vulgarisé (ProgVu) dans un dispositif de blocs de Fisher à quatre répétitions. Les observations ont porté sur le dénombrement des chenilles, le rendement en coton graine et le pourcentage de coton jaune. Les résultats ont montré que les six traitements ont eu un effet significatif sur la population des ravageurs. Les six traitements contenant les biopesticides ont induit un niveau d’infestation faible augmentant ainsi les rendements des cotonniers (Prog3 = 1035,94 ± 25,61 ; Prog4 = 1016,25 ± 23,51 ; Prog6 = 1103,13 ± 27,41 et Prog7 = 1017,19 ± 14,25 kg ha-1) avec des pourcentages de coton jaune faibles. Également d’après les résultats, pour un meilleur contrôle des ravageurs du cotonnier, les biopesticides à base de B. thuringiensis et Virus Polyhédrose Nucléaire doivent être positionnés au premier et deuxième traitement insecticide pour constituer une alternative efficace aux programmes phytosanitaires en culture cotonnière.</p> 2025-03-12T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 https://www.ajol.info/index.php/acsj/article/view/290970 Evaluation of efficacy of selected botanical extracts for control of tomato whitefly 2025-03-12T13:13:26+00:00 P.G. Maina peterwangari78@gmail.com R.K. Birithia peterwangari78@gmail.com G.N. Kamotho peterwangari78@gmail.com <p>Tomato <em>(Solanum lycopersicum</em> L.) is essential globally for nutrition and income purposes, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The crop faces significant challenges from whiteflies, which damage plants by feeding on leaf sap and transmitting tomato leaf curl virus, leading to reduced crop yields. Synthetic insecticides have been effective, but pose environmental and health risks. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of selected botanical extracts, for controlling whiteflies (<em>Bemisia tabaci</em> Gennadius,1889) in tomato production in Central and Rift valley regions, in Kenya. The study was conducted over two growing seasons. Treatments included extracts from Tithonia, Neem, and Datura leaves and their mixtures. Confidor WG 70 was a positive control. The whitefly-susceptible tomato variety, Kilele F1, was used in this study. Neem extract was the most effective botanical (5.4 ± 5.56), followed by Neem+Datura (8.5 ± 8.59) and Datura (10.1 ± 9.46). Confidor WG 70 (4.4 ± 4.45) was the most effective overall. Leaf curl management was best with Confidor WG 70 (0.33±0.12), followed by Neem extract (1 ± 0.45), with the untreated plot showing the most severe damages (3.5± 1.45). The highest yield was correspondingly obtained from the Confidor WG 70 treatment (30.0 ± 0.50 metric tonnes ha-1), followed by Neem extract (26.7 ± 0.50 t ha-1); while the lowest yield was in the untreated plot (8.3 ± 1.75 t ha-1). Neem and Neem+Datura mixtures showed high potential for controlling tomato whiteflies, and could be out-scaled for this purpose.</p> 2025-03-12T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 https://www.ajol.info/index.php/acsj/article/view/290972 Phenotypic variability based on quantitative traits within potato genotypes in the Democratic Republic of Congo 2025-03-12T13:29:29+00:00 A.K. Vihabwa abishayvihab@gmail.com J.N. Sebigunda abishayvihab@gmail.com G.K. Mulonga abishayvihab@gmail.com A-M. Yacoubou abishayvihab@gmail.com A.K. Banganire abishayvihab@gmail.com D.O. Onautshu abishayvihab@gmail.com N. Zoumarou Wallis abishayvihab@gmail.com <p>Potato (<em>Solanum&nbsp;tuberosum</em> L.) plays a crucial role in ensuring food security, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Primarily grown for both human and animal consumption, potato is also an important industrial product, particularly for starch production. Planning a potato improvement programme requires scientific knowledge of the variability of genotypes grown as the basis for proper breeding strategies. The objective of this study was to assess the phenotypic variability within potato genotypes in the Territory of Lubero in DRC. The study was conducted in two sites (Luotu and Kipese) and involved 18 genotypes collected from Lubero Territory. Sites had significant effects on all parameters evaluated (P&lt;0.001); except on the number of unmarketable tubers. The effect of genotype and the interaction between genotype and site were also significant for all parameters (P&lt;0.001). Principal component analysis, considering the three dimensions, explained 80.354% of the total variability within the genotypes. The number of marketable tubers, days to 50% physiological maturity and number of stems per plant, correlated with Dimension 1, which explain 34.351% of the total variability. They significantly contributed to total variability. Three genotype clusters were formed; the first cluster was characterised by genotypes with long flowering duration, the greatest plant height and longest period to 50% maturity. The second group was characterised by high marketable tubers yield; while the third was by a high number of marketable tubers. This variability is useful in breeding programmes for the improvement of yield of marketable potato tubers in Lubero Territory in DRC. </p> 2025-03-12T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 https://www.ajol.info/index.php/acsj/article/view/290973 Farmers’ perceptions on causes of seed beetle infestation in stored cowpea in Ghana 2025-03-12T13:40:20+00:00 V.D. Larweh victorialarweh7@gmail.com J.V.K. Afun victorialarweh7@gmail.com R. Akromah victorialarweh7@gmail.com S. Amoah victorialarweh7@gmail.com F. Kusi victorialarweh7@gmail.com <p>The seed beetle (<em>Callosobrucus maculatus</em> F.), a highly destructive insect pest, causes significant damage to stored cowpea (<em>Vigna unguiculata</em> (L.) Walp) grain and other grain legumes. This study aimed to document perceptions from cowpea producers about the causes of seed beetle infestation and the available control options in Ghana. The Relative Importance Index ranking score was used to identify the most significant causes that lead to seed beetle infestation and control measures against the seed beetle. The study used multi-stage and purposive sampling methods to select 170 respondents from Ghana’s in the Guinea Savannah, Sudan Savannah, Forest-Savannah Transition and Semi-Deciduous rainforest zones. The Relative Importance Index ranking analysis identified delayed harvesting, high moisture content of seeds at harvest, improper post-harvest storage, improper storage facilities and conditions; and delayed threshing, as the major factors contributing to seed beetle infestation. Synthetic pesticides were the most used treatment option against beetles in stored cowpea with Phostoxin tablet emerging as the predominant (85.0%) insecticide used. These findings are valuable information for the development of sustainable control strategies against beetle infestation in stored cowpea. </p> 2025-03-12T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 https://www.ajol.info/index.php/acsj/article/view/290974 Effect of synthetic hydrogel on soil properties and survival of Melia volkensii seedlings in the arid and semi-arid lands of Kenya 2025-03-12T13:48:03+00:00 A.A. Amboka minderslab@gmail.com C. Gachene minderslab@gmail.com L. Olaka minderslab@gmail.com <p>Arid and semi-arid lands (ASALs) face challenges related to soil degradation, water scarcity and reduced agricultural productivity; exacerbated by climate change. This study assessed the effect of synthetic superabsorbent polymers (hydrogels) on agronomy related soil properties and survival of <em>Melia volkensii</em> seedlings in arid and semi-arid zones of Kenya. Treatments included four hydrogel concentrations (0, 1.0, 3.0 and 6.0 g L-1); and three application modes (Below Roots, whereby hydrogel soil mixture was placed at the bottom of the pit and not in contact with the roots of the seedlings; Within Roots, whereby the hydrogel soil mixture was directly in contact with tips of the roots of the seedlings; and Complete Mix, where the seedlings roots were fully covered in the hydrogel soil mixture) over 26 weeks. The treatments were laid out in randomised complete block design, in four replications and the study repeated three times. Results revealed significant (P&lt;0.05) improvements in soil temperature and pH stability, with hydrogel application rates. Survival rates of seedlings peaked at 95% of mean (n=19; out of 20) when the rate of 6.0 g L-1 hydrogel was used in the Complete Mix (C) mode. No significant association (P&gt;0.05) was found between hydrogels and the soil’s electrical conductivity (EC); while a linear trend suggested predictable changes in EC with varying levels of hydrogel application. The findings highlight the potential of hydrogels to enhance soil water retention, mitigate the impacts of water scarcity, and promote sustainable agricultural practices in ASALs, and has the potential to contribute to climate smart agricultural adaptation. </p> 2025-03-12T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 https://www.ajol.info/index.php/acsj/article/view/290975 Effect of adoption of ICT on technical efficiency of farms in Burkina Faso 2025-03-12T13:55:43+00:00 I. Sana fert.isana@gmail.com A.A. Diendere fert.isana@gmail.com J.A. Yabi fert.isana@gmail.com <p>This study aimed to explore the effet of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) adoption on the technical efficiency of farms in Burkina Faso. Data were collected from 420 farmers in the central region, selected through simple random sampling across 47 villages. Descriptive statistics were computed, and a Stochastic Frontier Production model was applied to estimate farm technical efficiency. The estimation results indicate that, overall, input and labour costs are lower among ICT users (UTIC), compared to non-users (NUTIC) for similar agricultural outputs. Furthermore, the results reveal a significant difference in technical efficiency scores (0.049) between UTIC (0.338) and NUTIC (0.289), suggesting that ICT adoption positively influences farm technical efficiency. These findings highlight the need to promote ICT adoption among farmers, as their use reduces input and labour costs; while enhancing overall efficiency. Public policies should facilitate access to ICT in rural areas to support agricultural productivity and sustainability.</p> 2025-03-12T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025