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Response of pigeonpea genotypes of differrent maturity duration to temperature and photoperiod in Kenya
Abstract
Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) is one of the major grain legumes grown in the tropics and subtropics. The crop is grown rainfed in prone drought areas where day length varies from 11 to 14 h and large differences in temperature are experienced, largely due to variations in altitude and latitude. Field studies were conducted with different pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] in Kenya to determine the effect of photoperiod and temperature on flowering. Variation in temperature was achieved by planting six genotypes at four locations varying in
altitude where temperature decreased with increase in altitude and variation in photoperiod was achieved through artificial lighting (about 12.6 hr - natural day length, 14.5 hr and 16.0 hr). The genotypes used in the study were carefully selected to represent different maturity duration (extra-short-, short-, medium- and long maturity
duration) and major piegonpea production regions. Equations that describe the rates of development (1/f) were used to determine rates of progress of each genotype towards flowering as influenced by temperature and photoperiod. For photoperiods below 13 hr, rates of progress towards flowering were influenced by temperature
in give genotypes (ICPL 90011, ICPL 87091, ICP 7035, ICP 6927 and ICEAP 00040). The optimum temperature for rapid flowering were 24.7 oC for the extra-short-duration genotype, 23.1 oC for the shortduration genotye, 23.8 and 22.2 oC for medium-duration genotypes and 18.3 oC for the long-duration genotypes,
22.2 oC for medium-duration genotypoes and 18.3 oC for the long-duration genotypes which indicated that the area of origin had a strong influence on adaptation. The effects of photoperiod on rates of progress towards flowering were investigated only under sub-optimal temperatures. The extra-short-duration genotype (ICPL 90011) was the least responsive to variation in photoperiod, while the two long duration genotypes (ICEAP 00040 and T-7) were to most sensitive to photoperiod variation with flowering rate reduced by 0.001 d-1 per hour
increase in day length.
altitude where temperature decreased with increase in altitude and variation in photoperiod was achieved through artificial lighting (about 12.6 hr - natural day length, 14.5 hr and 16.0 hr). The genotypes used in the study were carefully selected to represent different maturity duration (extra-short-, short-, medium- and long maturity
duration) and major piegonpea production regions. Equations that describe the rates of development (1/f) were used to determine rates of progress of each genotype towards flowering as influenced by temperature and photoperiod. For photoperiods below 13 hr, rates of progress towards flowering were influenced by temperature
in give genotypes (ICPL 90011, ICPL 87091, ICP 7035, ICP 6927 and ICEAP 00040). The optimum temperature for rapid flowering were 24.7 oC for the extra-short-duration genotype, 23.1 oC for the shortduration genotye, 23.8 and 22.2 oC for medium-duration genotypes and 18.3 oC for the long-duration genotypes,
22.2 oC for medium-duration genotypoes and 18.3 oC for the long-duration genotypes which indicated that the area of origin had a strong influence on adaptation. The effects of photoperiod on rates of progress towards flowering were investigated only under sub-optimal temperatures. The extra-short-duration genotype (ICPL 90011) was the least responsive to variation in photoperiod, while the two long duration genotypes (ICEAP 00040 and T-7) were to most sensitive to photoperiod variation with flowering rate reduced by 0.001 d-1 per hour
increase in day length.
