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Distribution of Abo and Rhesus D blood groups among the Bini ethnic group of Southern Nigeria
Abstract
Background: ABO and Rhesus (Rh) blood group antigens are hereditary characters and are useful in population genetic studies, in resolving medico-legal issues and more important in planning blood utilization by health care service providers and policy markers. In Nigeria, the prevalence of ABO and Rhesus D blood groups in some tribes appear similar. However, the distribution and frequencies of different blood groups in several communities especially the rural populations of the country have not been determined.
Aims: The study is aimed at determining the distribution of ABO and Rhesus D blood groups among a rural Bini ethnic group of Evboesi village in Orhionmwon Local Government Area (LGA) of Edo State, Nigeria.
Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional studies of six hundred (600) apparently healthy residents of the community aged 18 - 60 years volunteered to participate and were recruited. Venous blood was collected from the subjects and tile agglutination method was performed on each sample for ABO and Rhesus D groupings. Standard commercially produced anti-A, anti-B monoclonal grouping reagents and anti- D sera were used for the tests and performed at room temperature.
Results: Data obtained was analyzed using frequency tables. Blood group O was the commonest constituting 56.5% followed by blood group A (26.3%) and B (15%) while blood group AB was the least with distribution of 2.2%. Rhesus D positive and negative blood antigens were 95.7% and 4.3% respectively. The highest distribution of Rhesus D negative was found in blood group O while none was found in AB blood group.
Conclusion: The pattern of ABO group and Rhesus D blood antigens among rural Bini ethnic group sampled was similar to some other ethnic groups earlier reported in Nigeria with slight variation in frequency.
Aims: The study is aimed at determining the distribution of ABO and Rhesus D blood groups among a rural Bini ethnic group of Evboesi village in Orhionmwon Local Government Area (LGA) of Edo State, Nigeria.
Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional studies of six hundred (600) apparently healthy residents of the community aged 18 - 60 years volunteered to participate and were recruited. Venous blood was collected from the subjects and tile agglutination method was performed on each sample for ABO and Rhesus D groupings. Standard commercially produced anti-A, anti-B monoclonal grouping reagents and anti- D sera were used for the tests and performed at room temperature.
Results: Data obtained was analyzed using frequency tables. Blood group O was the commonest constituting 56.5% followed by blood group A (26.3%) and B (15%) while blood group AB was the least with distribution of 2.2%. Rhesus D positive and negative blood antigens were 95.7% and 4.3% respectively. The highest distribution of Rhesus D negative was found in blood group O while none was found in AB blood group.
Conclusion: The pattern of ABO group and Rhesus D blood antigens among rural Bini ethnic group sampled was similar to some other ethnic groups earlier reported in Nigeria with slight variation in frequency.
