Predictability of chronic kidney disease using anthropometric parameters

Abstract

Background: Renal failure is a global public health challenge affecting psychosocial, physiological and the physical aspects of the patient.

Aims: The study compared selected anthropometric parameters of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) withage-and-sex matched apparently healthy control and derived predictive equation for CKD using anthropometric variables

Materials and Method: Sixty five patients with renal failure attending Renal Outpatient Department of Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex Ile-Ife, were purposively selected along with 65 age-and-sex matched apparently healthy individuals to participated in the study. Anthropometric parameters of subjects and apparently healthy individuals involving weight, height, waist circumference, hip circumference, and wrist circumference were measured and body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio, waist-to-height ratio and frame size were calculated. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data.

Results: The results showed that the wrist circumference (t=2.47, p=0.02), waist circumference (t=3.64, p=0.00), body mass index (t=3.16, p=0.00), waist-to-hip ratio (t=4.66, p=0.00), waist-to-height ratio (t=3.69, p=0.00) and frame size (t=-3.53, p=0.00) of subjects with chronic renal failure were significantly higher than that of the control group.The percentage contribution of these variable to the prediction of CKD is more than 30 %.Prediction equation for the occurrence of Chronic kidney disease is: Y = 1.363+ 0.008 (Age/years)- 0.004(Weigh/Kg)+ 0.110 (WaistC/Cm) – 2.260 (WHR) -2.317(WHtR) + 0.156 (FRS)

Conclusion: It was concluded that patients with chronic kidney disease had significantly higher anthropometric parameters than the healthy controls. The prediction of CKD using body adiposity indices is more than 30 %