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Peer Review

All articles submitted to the Journal undergo double-blind peer-review. The reviewers have no access to the identity of the authors, and the authors do not know who the reviewers are. Members of the editorial team/board/guest editors are permitted to submit their own papers to the journal. In a situation where an author or authors are associated with the journal, they will be removed from all editorial tasks for that paper and another member of the team will be assigned responsibility for overseeing peer review. A competing interest must also be declared within the submission.

Each article on submission is reviewed for relevance to the scope of the Journal by the Editor-In-Chief. Article are screened for plagiarism using the Turnitin programme with a maximum of 25% limit on similarity, for it to go into the review process. Articles that do not meet the basic criteria are rejected at this stage and authors promptly informed. Articles that meet basic requirements are initially reviewed by at least two reviewers. The recommendation of the reviewers informs the decision of the editorial board to accept on the conditions that the concerns raised by the reviewers are addressed (the article is back to the authors to address the reviewers’ concerns) or to reject. Where there is a notable disagreement between the reports of the two initial reviewers, a third reviewer may be consulted. JAE aims to have a first decision to the authors by 4-6 weeks after submission.

Guide to Reviewers

Your invitation to serve as a reviewer in the peer review process is based on trust. Reviewers must maintain confidentiality, treat all manuscripts and materials confidentially and must not communicate directly with authors.

In order to ensure this, follow this step before you start the review process:
-    Click Review on the Microsoft
-    Click the dropdown under Track Changes
-    Click “Change user name”
-    Then Change your user name to “Reviewer”
JAE aims is to have a first decision to the authors by 4-6 weeks after submission.

Articles are initially reviewed by at least two Reviewers.

Reviewers should read the JAE Guide to Authors and  pay attention to the following:

JAE expects reviewers to provide on time, a thorough and comprehensive report. Provide useful comments for authors and a clear recommendation to the Editor. Reviewers are at liberty to use the JAE review platform on JAE website (https://www.journal.aesonnigeria.org or send a report following the criteria by email to the Editor-in-Chief: agricultural.extension.nigeria@gmail.com   or editorinchief@aesonnigeria.org

For more information: Reviewer’s information

Please Download AESON Reviewer's Report Form Download Fill and Upload, Click to download

Open Access Policy

This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.

JAE is an open access journal which means that all content is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles, crawl them for indexing, pass them as data to software, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author.

JAE supports free online communication and exchange of knowledge as the most effective way of ensuring that the fruits of research and development practice are made widely available. It is therefore committed to open access, which, for authors, enables the widest possible dissemination of their findings and, for readers, increases their ability to discover pertinent information. The Journal adopts and uses the CC BY-NC-ND license. Under this license users are permitted to: Copy and distribute the article (non-commercially); you can’t change or alter the article in anyway; Users are not allowed to data mine the article. 

Licensing and Copyright

The Journal of Agricultural Extension adopts and uses the CC BY-NC-ND license. Under this license author retains copyright and users are permitted to copy and distribute the article (non-commercially). Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 License, that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal’s published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository, in a journal or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories, disciplinary repositories, or on their website) prior to and during the submission process.

Publication Scheduling

The Journal publishes four issues in a year (January, April, July and October).

General

Publishing in the Journal of Agricultural Extension, (JAE) involves the author, the journal editor, the reviewer, the Agricultural Extension Society of Nigeria and other key stakeholders and service providers. Each actor plays an important role in meeting the expected ethical standards at all stages from submission to publication of an article.  

The Journal of Agricultural Extension is committed to meeting and upholding standards of ethical behaviour at all stages of the publication process. The Journal follows closely the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) that set standards and provide guidelines for best practices in order to meet these requirements.  The Journal subscribes to COPE’s Code of conduct and best practice guidelines for journal editors.  Below is a summary of the Journals key expectations of editors, peer-reviewers, authors, and the Society.

Ethical Expectations

Editors’ responsibilities

 Reviewers’ responsibilities

Authors’ responsibilities

Publisher or Society’s responsibilities

Procedures For Dealing with Unethical Behaviour

 Identification of unethical behaviour

Investigation

 Minor breaches

Serious breaches

Outcomes (in increasing order of severity; may be applied separately or in conjunction)

Plagiarism Policy

Plagiarism is unacknowledged copying or an attempt to misattribute original authorship, whether of ideas, text or results. Plagiarism can include, theft or misappropriation of intellectual property and the substantial unattributed textual copying of another's work. Plagiarism can be said to have clearly occurred when large chunks of text have been cut-and-pasted without appropriate and unambiguous attribution. Such manuscripts would not be considered for publication in a Journal of Agricultural Extension. Apart from wholesale verbatim reuse of text, due care must be taken to ensure appropriate attribution and citation when paraphrasing and summarising the work of others. Reuse of parts of text from an author's previous research publication is a form of self-plagiarism so, due caution must be exercised. When reusing text, whether from the author's own publication or that of others, appropriate attribution and citation is necessary to avoid creating a misleading perception of unique contribution for the reader.

Duplicate (or redundant) publication occurs when an authors reuse substantial parts of their own published work without providing the appropriate references. This can range from publishing an identical paper in multiple journals, to only adding a small amount of new data to a previously published paper.

JAE editors assess all such cases on their individual merits through the review process. When plagiarism becomes evident post-publication, JAE may correct, withdraw the original publication, or place the information on the community platform, depending on the degree of plagiarism, context within the published article and its impact on the overall integrity of the published study.

Repository Policy

JAE encourages authors to freely deposit versions [submitted version, accepted version (author accepted manuscript), published version (version of record)] of their work in an institutional or other repository of their choice.

Archiving

This Journal utilizes the CLOCKSS system to create a distributed archiving system among participating libraries and permits those libraries to create permanent archives of the Journal for purposes of preservation and restoration. The Journal is also hosted and achieved on the website of the African Journal Online (AJOL)

Hosting and Abstracting

The Journal is online on the Journal of Agricultural Extension website (https://journal.aesonnigeria.org) and is hosted online by the African Journal-on-line at https://www.ajol.info/index.php/jae. it is presently abstracted by EBSCO host Electronic Journals Service (EJS), Google Scholar, Journal Seek, Scientific Commons, Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), the CAB Abstracts, Global Health Databases and Scopus.

Executive of the Agricultural Extension Society of Nigeria (2021-2024)

  1. Idrisa, Yusuf Lawan (Prof). [President]

Department of Agricultural Extension Services,
University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
Email: yuzaat696@gmail.com 
Phone: +2348030605207
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7832-1136

  1. Meludu, Nkiru Theresa (Prof). [Vice-President]

Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension,
Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria. 
Email: nkiru_m@yahoo.comnt.meludu@unizik.edu.ng  
Phone: +2348023250457, 
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2105-6903

  1. Elisha-Nissi, David [General Secretary]

Agricultural and Rural Management Training Institute (ARMTI)
P.M.B.1343, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
Email: nissydave@gmail.com
Phone: 07066721307

  1. Dr Yakubu, D. Haruna. [Treasurer]

Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development
Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto
Email; dhyakubu3@gmail.com
Phone: 08036794572

  1. Olajide, Bamidele Rasak (Dr). [Publicity Secretary]

Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development
University of Ibadan
E-mail: r.olajide@gmail.com
Phone: +2348034077794
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8822-2235

  1. Nwobodo, Cynthia Ebere (Dr).[ Assistant General Secretary]

Department of Agricultural Extension
University of Nigeria Nsukka
Email: cynthia.nwobodo@unn.edu.ng
Phone: +234-8039462574 
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5664-6498

  1. Akinbile, Luqman Abiodun (Prof). [Ex-Officio  Member (Immediate Past President)]

Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development
University of Ibadan, Nigeria
Emails: lakinbile@yahoo.com  /  la.akinbile@mail.ui.edu.ng
Phone: +2348023250454
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9630-038X

  1. Professor Michael Chukwuneke Madukwe. [Editor-in-Chief}

Editor-in-Chief
Department of Agricultural Extension
University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
Emails: michael.madukwe@unn.edu.ng /            madukwemichael@yahoo.com
Phone: +2348037006968
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0988-3551

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Submission of manuscript

Articles should be type-written in English, double spaced on only one side of A4 (210 by 297mm) paper and not more than 15 double spaced pages.( using one-inch margins with Arial Theme and 12-point), inclusive of references, tables, figures and appendixes. Articles should be uploaded on the Journal website (journal.aesonnigeria.org). JAE reserves the right to ask authors to shorten excessively long papers before they are entered in the review process. However, JAE recognizes that papers intended to make very extensive contributions or that require additional space for data presentation or references may require more pages.

Section heading

 Tables:

Figures:

References and citations

Follow the style of the 7th edition of the American Psychological Association (APA)

The APA style is common in agricultural extension and is presented here. It should be noted that while APA style changes over time (see APA Website for latest information) Science publishers use variants that only approximate the current version. Depending on the style adopted or recommended by the publisher, institution/association or funding agency, the author must painstakingly maintain a high level of consistency. This can only be achieved through practice. The sample format below is taken from the 7th edition of APA Website. You should make a habit to always consult the website to guide your citations and referencing

Sample Format for Reference List Based on the APA Style

(Most of the presentations here were taken from the APA website and from Gajjar, and Nagalpur, 2013). Please note the references used in this section are for illustration only.

1. Authors

Write all authors’ names begin with the surname(s), followed by their initials. If there is no author, place the title in the author position.

Examples

    1. One author: Qing, S. (2020) Gender role attitudes and males-female income differences in China. Journal of Chinese Sociology 7 (12) 1-23 020) 7:12 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40711-020-00123-w
    2.  Two authors: Kehinde, A.D. & Ogundeji, A.A. (2022). The simultaneous impact of access to credit and cooperative services on cocoa productivity in South-western Nigeria. Agric & Food Security 11, 11 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40066-021-00351-4
    3.  3 to 20 authors (list all authors):  Lamastra, L., Balderacchi, M., Di Guardo, A., Monchiero, M., & Trevisan, M. (2016). A novel fuzzy expert system to assess the sustainability of the viticulture at the wine-estate scale. Science of the Total Environment, 572, 724–733. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.07.043
    4. No author:  New Zealand’s ‘most instagrammed’ spot overrun by illegally parked cars. (2019, November 21). New Zealand Herald. https://www.nzherald.co.nz/travel/news/article.cfm?c_id=7&objectid=1228703

      2. Books
      a. Book without DOI

Author(s), year of publication, book title in italics, publisher

Example

Barkway, D., & O’Kane, D. (2020). Psychology: Introduction for health professionals. Elsevier.

b. Book with DOI

Author(s), year of publication, book title in italics

Example

American Psychological Association. (2020). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association: The official guide to APA style (7th ed.). https://doi.org/10.1037/0000165-000 DOI

Note: This example does not have a publisher as the publisher is the same as the author.

c. Online book

Author(s), year of publication, book title in italics, publisher

Example

National Health Committee. (2015). The introduction of fit for purpose omics-based technologies–Think piece. Ministry of Health. https://www.health.govt.nz/publication/introduction-fit-purpose-omics-based-technologies-think-piece URL

Note: Include a DOI if one is given in place of the URL

d. Books and e-books without DOI

Example

Udoye, C. E. (2022). Training needs of pineapple farmers: How use of ICT enhances production. Routledge

e. Book Chapter (Chapter in an edited book)

Author, year of publication, chapter title, don’t forget “In” book editor(s), book title in italics.

Examples

a) Chand, N. (2019). Standardized turmeric and curcumin. In R. C. Gupta, A. Srivastava, & R. Lall (Eds.), Nutraceuticals in veterinary medicine (pp. 3-24). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04624

b) Igbokwe, E. M. (2021). Concepts in rural and agricultural sociology. In: M. C. Madukwe (Ed.) Agricultural Extension in Nigeria. (pp 23-34). Agricultural Extension Society of Nigeria.

      Include a DOI after the publisher if available

4. Scholarly Journals

a. Journal Article in Print

 

Example

Madukwe M. C. (2022). Rethinking agricultural extension in Nigeria: An insight into private sector approach. Journal of Extension, 13(1&2), 51-62.DOI (Include the DOI after the page numbers if one is available).

b. Journal Article – Online without DOI

Author, year of publication, article title, journal title in italics, volume in italics, issue, pages

Example

Stanton, R. (2019). Dyslexia and oral skills: A student’s journey. ATLAANZ Journal, 4(1), 55-70. https://journal.atlaanz.org/index.php/ATLAANZ/article/view/63/112 URL

c. Journal Article – Online with DOI

Author(s),  year of publication, article title, journal title in italics, volume in italics, issue, pages

Example

Issel, L. M., Bekemeier, B., & Kneipp, S. (2012). A public health nurse research agenda. Public Health Nursing, 29(4), 330-342. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1446.2011.00989.

5. Conference Papers

Examples

  1. Park, H. M. (2015, October). Moon-Young Lee's nonviolence and transcendence ethics in conflict management. Paper Presented at the 3rd Meeting and Mini-conference: Moon-Young Lee's Public Administration and Asian Democracy, Jeonju Traditional Culture Center, Jeonju, Korea. October 23, 2015.
  2. Park, H. M. (2015). Should e-government be transformational and participatory? An essay on e-government in the utilitarian mode of information technology use. Proceedings of the 48th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS-48), Kauai, HI, January 5-8, 2015. 13.

    6. Magazine and Newspaper Articles

Author's last name, first initial. (Publication date). Article title. Periodical title, volume number (issue umber if available), inclusive pages. Note: Do not enclose the title in quotation marks. Put a period after the title. If a periodical includes a volume number, italicize it and then give the page range (in regular type) without "pp." If the periodical does not use volume numbers, as in newspapers, use p. or pp. for page numbers.

When citing a URL or DOI of magazine or newspaper, use “Retrieved from” in APA style.

Examples

  1. Kalette, D. (1986, July 21). California town counts town to big quake. USA Today, 9, p. A1.
  2. Smith, B. (2021, March). Sending money with a phone. Wireless Week, 14(6), 12-13. Retrieved from http://www.wirelessweek.com/articles/2008/03/sending-money-phone.
  3. Fackler, M. (2022, April 24). Recriminations and regrets follow suicide of South Korean. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com
  4. Abdullahi, Ahmed (2022). Any new direction in Nigeria’s agricultural development. Nation 135 Thursday, July13,2012, 16-19.

7. Government/Agency Documents (Citing Report and Government Publication)

Examples

  1. Nations and American Society for Public Administration. (2002). Benchmarking egovernment: A global perspective. New York: United Nations. Retrieved from http://unpan3.un.org/egovkb/Portals/egovkb/Documents/un/English.pdf
  2. S. Geological Survey. (1994). Relations of changes in wastewater-treatment practices to changes in stream-water quality during 1978-88 in the Chicago area, Illinois, and implications for regional and national water-quality assessments, by Paul J. Terrio. Washington, DC: U.S. Dept. of the Interior. Retrieved from http://purl.access.gpo.gov/GPO/LPS57435.
  3. Park, Hun Myoung. (2015). Has information technology competence ever increased? Evidences from the Annual User Satisfaction Survey of Information Technology Services (Economics and Management Series EMS-2015-03). Graduate School of International Relations, International University of Japan.
  4. Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) (2022). Bulletin of Statistics, 41st CBN, Abuja Nigeria.

8. Dissertations and Thesis (Citing a Master’s Thesis or Dissertation).

You need to provide author name, publication date, sentence-cased title, type of a material, and institute’s name. A type of a material may be “PhD dissertation,” “PhD diss.,” or “master’s thesis.” A comma separates the type of a material from institute’s name. In APA, use “Unpublished doctoral dissertation” or “Unpublished master’s thesis” and a comma between the institution name and place (city)/country.

Examples

  1. Madukwe, M. C. (2022). Differential adoption of agricultural innovation in Nigeria (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
  2. Gbana, N. S. H. (2022). Technological capabilities of actors in maize innovation system in Adamawa and Taraba States, Nigeria . (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Taraba State University, Jalingo.
  3. Oludare, B. C. (2022). Land use and agricultural development among hill peoples in Western Nigeria. (Unpublished doctoral thesis). University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria.

    9. Unpublished Papers and Reports

Example

Agwu, A. E. (2021). Farmers’ perceptions of privatization of agricultural extension in  Nigeria. Paper presented at the annual conference of the Agricultural Extension Society of Nigeria, 3-6 April, Nsukka.

  1. Webpages
  1. Webpage with date

 Author, year of publication, web page title, website name, URL

Example

Cuncic, A. (2021). The Mandela effect. Verywellmind. https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-the-mandela-effect-4589394

10. Webpage without date

Include (n.d.) in place of the publication date.

Author, no date, web page title, website name, URL

Example

Kalter, L. (n.d.). Ducks & more: Animals offer flyers emotional support. WebMD. https://www.webmd.com/balance/stressmanagement/news/20191125/ducks-more-animals-offer-flyers-emotional-suppor

11. Periodicals

Monthly Periodical

Examples

  1. Chandler-Crips, S. (2021, May). Aerobic writing; a writing practice model. Writing Lab Newspaper, pp. 9-11.
  2. Buka T, (2021, July 13) Empowering farmers through Fadam programme. The Nation, pp .

Online Periodical

Author's name. (Date of publication). Title of article. Title of Periodical, volume number, retrieved month day, year, from full URL.

Online Document

Author's name. (Date of publication). Title of work. Retrieved month day, year, from full URL

Note: When citing Internet sources, refer to the specific website document. If a document is undated, use "n.d." (for no date) immediately after the document title. Break a lengthy URL that goes to another line after a slash or before a period. Continually check your references to online documents. There is no period following a URL.

Examples

  1. Devitt, T. (2021, August 2). Lightning injures four at music festival. The Why? Files. Retrieved January 23, 2022, from http://whyfiles.org/137lightning/index.html
  2. Dove, R. (2021). Lady freedom among us. The Electronic Text Center. Retrieved April 19, 2022, from Alderman Library, University of Virginia website: http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/subjects/afam.html

Note: If a document is contained within a large and complex website (such as that for a university or a government agency), identify the host organization and the relevant programme or department before giving the URL for the document itself. Precede the URL with a colon.

  1. Hilts, P. J. (2020, February 16). In forecasting their emotions, most people flunk out. New York Times. Retrieved November 21, 2000, from http://www.nytimes.com
  2. Fredrickson, B. L. (2021, March 7). Cultivating positive emotions to optimize health and well-being. Prevention & Treatment, 3, Article 0001a. Retrieved November 20, 2000, from http://journals.apa.org/prevention/volume3/pre0030001a.html
  3. GVU's 8th WWW user survey. (n.d.). Retrieved August 8, 2000, from http://www.cc.gatech.edu/gvu/usersurveys/survey1997-10/
  4. Health Canada. (2020, February). The safety of genetically modified food crops. Retrieved March 22, 2005, from http://www.hc sc.gc.ca/english/protection/biologics_genetics/gen_mod_foods/genmodebk.html

12. Encyclopaedia and Dictionary

Author's last name, first initial. (Date). Title of Article. Title of Encyclopedia (Volume, pages). City of publication: Publishing company.

Examples

  1. Bergmann, P. G. (2020). Relativity. In The new encyclopedia Britannica (Vol. 26, pp. 501-508). Chicago: Encyclopedia Britannica.
  2. Merriam-Webster's collegiate dictionary (10th Ed.). (2021). Springfield, MA: Merriam-Webster.
  3. Pettingill, O. S., Jr. (2021). Falcon and Falconry. World book encyclopedia. (pp. 150-155). Chicago: World Book.
  4. Tobias, R. (2021). Thurber, James. Encyclopedia Americana. (p. 600). New York: Scholastic Library Publishing.
  5. Stach, M. (2021). Boredom. In: The encyclopedia of useless knowledge (Vol. 13, pp. 123, 234).  Scotts valley, CA: Bethany press.
  6. Bergmann, P. G. (2021). Relativity. In The new Encyclopaedia Brittanica (Vol. 26, pp. 501-508). Chicago: Encyclopaedia Brittanica.

 

13. In Case of No Author and Date

Title (sentence capitalization). (n.d.). …

Payment for Publication

Submission and review are at no cost to the authors. The cost of the review process is borne by the Society.  However, authors of accepted articles are required to pay a publication fee of ₦50,000 ($100). Authors of accepted articles that came through the annual or special conferences of the Society will be required to pay a publication charge of ₦ 15,000. The monies are specifically used to support part of the cost of publication, distribution of the hard copies of the Journal and related activities. 

Publication Fee Waiver and Discounts 

JAE has provision for publication fee waiver and discounts for authors with demonstrated needs ( places in war crisis, prolonged natural disaster, physically challenged). Discounts vary from 10% to 50%. Application for waiver or discounts should be addressed to (agricultural.extension.nigeria@gmail.com) indicating basis for the request.

For payments by authors within Nigeria (Naira)
Bank Name: Access Bank (Ilorin Branch)
Account Name: Agricultural Extension Society of Nigeria
Account Number, 0020725578

For payments by authors outside Nigeria (Dollar)
Pay through:

Citibank New York
111, Wall Street
New York
N Y 10043
SWIFT CODE: CITIUS33
ABA .I. D: 012-000-089
ACOUNT NUMBER: 36145842

FOR FINAL CREDIT TO:
ACCESS Bank Nigeria

SWIFT CODE: ABNGNGLA

Name: Agricultural Extension Society of Nigeria
Name of Bank: Access Bank
Account Number: 0688190790

Authorship Policy

Authorship provides credit for a researcher's contributions to a study and carries accountability. Each author is expected to have made substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work; or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data; or have drafted the work or substantively revised it. Also expected is to have approved the submitted version (and any substantially modified version that involves the author's contribution to the study); agreed both to be personally accountable for the author's own contributions and to ensure that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work, even ones in which the author was not personally involved, are appropriately investigated, resolved, and the resolution documented.

JAE encourages collaboration with colleagues in the locations where the research is conducted, and expect their inclusion as co-authors when they fulfill all authorship criteria described above. Contributors who do not meet all criteria for authorship should be listed in the Acknowledgements section.

Author contribution statements

JAE encourages transparency by publishing author contribution statements. Authors are required to include a statement of responsibility in all types of manuscript.

JAE will require all authors of a research paper to sign the contract regarding authorship order as indicated below at submission. A summary will be part of the publication if accepted. The summary will indicate the overall percentage contribution to the study by each author and the specific activities performed by each author in backets.

 

 Contract Regarding Authorship Order

We hereby enter into an agreement, as outlined below, regarding the authorship order for the publication of the article tentatively titled: ______________________________________________________________

 

FIRST AUTHOR

Name (print):

Percent effort:

Signature: Activity Score:

Brief description of basic responsibilities/role on project:

 

 SECOND AUTHOR

Name (print):

Percent effort:

Signature: Activity Score:

Brief description of basic responsibilities/role on project:

 

 THIRD AUTHOR

Name (print):

Percent effort:

Signature: Activity Score:

Brief description of basic responsibilities/role on project:

 

 FOURTH AUTHOR

Name (print):

Percent effort:

Signature: Activity Score:

Brief description of basic responsibilities/role on project:

 

 Date contract signed: _________

Submission to the journal is taken by the journal to mean that all the listed authors have agreed to all of the contents, including the author list and author contribution statements. JAE correspondence during the review of an article goes to all the authors. However, the corresponding author is responsible for submitting a competing interests' statement on behalf of all authors of the paper.

Any changes to the author list after submission, such as a change in the order of the authors or the deletion or addition of authors, must be approved by every author. JAE is not in a position to investigate or adjudicate authorship disputes before or after publication. Such disagreements, if they cannot be resolved amongst authors, should be directed to the relevant institutional authority.

Author identification

As part of our efforts to improve transparency and unambiguous attribution of scholarly contributions, all authors of published papers must provide their Open Researcher and Contributor Identifier (ORCID) iD.

The primary affiliation for each author should be the institution where the majority of their work was done. If an author has subsequently moved, the current address may also be stated. Also required are the email address (preferably institutional email address) and phone number of each author.

Consortia authorship

A collective of authors can be listed as a consortium. If necessary, individual authors can be listed in both the main author list and as a member of a consortium. All authors within a consortium must be listed at the end of the paper.

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This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.

JAE supports free online communication and exchange of knowledge as the most effective way of ensuring that the fruits of research and development practice are made widely available. It is therefore committed to open access, which, for authors, enables the widest possible dissemination of their findings and, for readers, increases their ability to discover pertinent information. The Journal adopts and uses the CC BY-NC-ND license. Under this license users are permitted to: Copy and distribute the article (non-commercially); you can’t change or alter the article in anyway; Users are not allowed to data mine the article. 

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The mission of the Journal of Agricultural Extension is to publish conceptual papers and empirical research that tests, extends, or builds agricultural extension theory and contributes to the practice of extension worldwide.

Focus and Scope

The Journal of Agricultural Extension (JAE) is devoted to the advancement of knowledge of agricultural extension services and practice through the publication of original and empirically based research, focusing on; extension administration and supervision, programme planning, monitoring and evaluation, diffusion and adoption of innovations; extension communication models and strategies; extension research and methodological issues; nutrition extension; extension youth programme; women-in-agriculture; extension, marginalized and vulnerable groups, Climate Change and the environment, farm and produce security, ICT, innovation systems. JAE will normally not publish articles based on research covering very small geographic area (town community and local government areas/council/counties) that cannot feed into policy, except they present critical insights into new and emerging issues is agricultural extension and rural development.

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Prof. Michael C. Madukwe, FAESON (Editor-in-Chief)
Department of Agricultural Extension, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Nigeria, Nsukka Enugu State, Nigeria
Email:
editorinchief@aesonnigeria.org  agricultural.extension.nigeria@gmail.com  michael.madukwemc@unn.edu.ng.; madukwemichael@yahoo.com
Cell Phone: +2348037006968

Dr Judih Kamoto (Associate Professor)
Acting College Director, Bunda College, Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources (LUANAR) P.O. Box 219, Liongwe, Malawi
Email: jkamoto@luanar.ac.mw; judithkamoto@gmail.com
Cell Phone: +265995567000;  +265888029196

Prof. Edwin M. Igbokwe FAESON
Department of Agricultural Extension, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria Email: edwin.igbokwe@unn.edu.ng; emigbo@yahoo.com
Cell Phone: +2348034261915

Prof. Chris J. Garforth
Internal and Rural Development Department, School of Agricultural Policy and Development University of Reading, UK
Email:
c.j.garforth@reading.ac.uk
Phone: +447730532746

Dr. Musa A. Dube (Associate Professor)
Department of Agricultural Education and Extension Faculty of Agriculture University of Swaziland P.O. Luyengo M205 Swaziland, Southern Africa
Email:
madube@agric.uniswa.sz
Cell Phone: +26879737613

Dr. R. Saravanan (Associate Professor) (Extension Education & Rural Sociology)
Department of Social Sciences, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Central Agricultural University (CAU) Pasighat- 791 102, Arunachal Pradesh, INDIA
e-Mail: saravanan.raj@manage.gov.in, saravananraj@hotmail.com/ saravananraj.manage@gmail.com
Mobile Phone No.: +91-8465007799

Prof. L. A. Akinbile
Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
Email:
la.akinbile@mail.ui.edu.ng; lakinbile@yahoo.com
Cell Phone: +2348023250454

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This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.

JAE supports free online communication and exchange of knowledge as the most effective way of ensuring that the fruits of research and development practice are made widely available. It is therefore committed to open access, which, for authors, enables the widest possible dissemination of their findings and, for readers, increases their ability to discover pertinent information. The Journal adopts and uses the CC BY-NC-ND license. Under this license users are permitted to: Copy and distribute the article (non-commercially); you can’t change or alter the article in anyway; Users are not allowed to data mine the article. 

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This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.

JAE is an open access journal which means that all content is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles, crawl them for indexing, pass them as data to software, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author.

JAE supports free online communication and exchange of knowledge as the most effective way of ensuring that the fruits of research and development practice are made widely available. It is therefore committed to open access, which, for authors, enables the widest possible dissemination of their findings and, for readers, increases their ability to discover pertinent information. The Journal adopts and uses the CC BY-NC-ND license. Under this license users are permitted to: Copy and distribute the article (non-commercially); you can’t change or alter the article in anyway; Users are not allowed to data mine the article. 

Licensing and Copyright

The Journal of Agricultural Extension adopts and uses the CC BY-NC-ND license. Under this license author retains copyright and users are permitted to copy and distribute the article (non-commercially). Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 License, that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal’s published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository, in a journal or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories, disciplinary repositories, or on their website) prior to and during the submission process.

Invalid data type in setData: The names and email addresses entered in this journal site will be used exclusively for the stated purposes of this journal and will not be made available for any other purpose or to any other party.Invalid data type in setData: If this paper is accepted for publication, you will be asked to pay an Article Publication Fee to cover publications costs.Invalid data type in setData: Article PublicationInvalid data type in setData: The payment of this fee will enable you to view, download, and print this article.Invalid data type in setData: Purchase ArticleInvalid data type in setData: We encourage readers to sign up for the publishing notification service for this journal. Use the Register link at the top of the homepage for the journal. This registration will result in the reader receiving the Table of Contents by email for each new issue of the journal. This list also allows the journal to claim a certain level of support or readership. See the journal's Privacy Statement which assures readers that their name and email address will not be used for other purposes.Invalid data type in setData:

Your invitation to serve as a reviewer in the peer review process is based on trust. Reviewers must maintain confidentiality, treat all manuscripts and materials confidentially and must not communicate directly with authors.
JAE aims is to have a first decision to the authors by 4-6 weeks after submission.
Articles are initially reviewed by at least two Reviewers.
Reviewers should read the JAE Guide to Authors and pay attention to the following:

JAE expects reviewers to provide on time a thorough and comprehensive report. Provide useful comments for authors and a clear recommendation to the Editor. Reviewers are at liberty to use the JAE review platform on JAE website (http://www.journal.aesonnigeria.org or send a report following the criteria by email to the Editor-in-Chief  editorinchief@aesonnigeria.org or Journalagric.extension@hotmail.co.uk

Invalid data type in setData: Authors are required to pay an Article Submission Fee as part of the submission process to contribute to review costs.Invalid data type in setData: Article SubmissionInvalid data type in setData: support@ajol.infoInvalid data type in setData: African Journals OnlineInvalid data type in setData:

The names and email addresses entered here will be used exclusively for the stated purposes of AJOL. We take your privacy seriously and we protect your personal information, which will not be made available for any other purpose or to any other party without your permission, or unless legal obligation compels us to do so.

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Peer Review

All articles submitted to the Journal undergo double-blind peer-review. The reviewers have no access to the identity of the authors, and the authors do not know who the reviewers are. Members of the editorial team/board/guest editors are permitted to submit their own papers to the journal. In a situation where an author or authors are associated with the journal, they will be removed from all editorial tasks for that paper and another member of the team will be assigned responsibility for overseeing peer review. A competing interest must also be declared within the submission.

Each article on submission is reviewed for relevance to the scope of the Journal by the Editor-In-Chief. Article are screened for plagiarism using the Turnitin programme with a maximum of 25% limit on similarity, for it to go into the review process. Articles that do not meet the basic criteria are rejected at this stage and authors promptly informed. Articles that meet basic requirements are initially reviewed by at least two reviewers. The recommendation of the reviewers informs the decision of the editorial board to accept on the conditions that the concerns raised by the reviewers are addressed (the article is back to the authors to address the reviewers’ concerns) or to reject. Where there is a notable disagreement between the reports of the two initial reviewers, a third reviewer may be consulted. JAE aims to have a first decision to the authors by 4-6 weeks after submission.

Guide to Reviewers

Your invitation to serve as a reviewer in the peer review process is based on trust. Reviewers must maintain confidentiality, treat all manuscripts and materials confidentially and must not communicate directly with authors.

In order to ensure this, follow this step before you start the review process:
-    Click Review on the Microsoft
-    Click the dropdown under Track Changes
-    Click “Change user name”
-    Then Change your user name to “Reviewer”
JAE aims is to have a first decision to the authors by 4-6 weeks after submission.

Articles are initially reviewed by at least two Reviewers.

Reviewers should read the JAE Guide to Authors and  pay attention to the following:

JAE expects reviewers to provide on time, a thorough and comprehensive report. Provide useful comments for authors and a clear recommendation to the Editor. Reviewers are at liberty to use the JAE review platform on JAE website (https://www.journal.aesonnigeria.org or send a report following the criteria by email to the Editor-in-Chief: agricultural.extension.nigeria@gmail.com   or editorinchief@aesonnigeria.org

For more information: Reviewer’s information

Please Download AESON Reviewer's Report Form Download Fill and Upload, Click to download

Open Access Policy

This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.

JAE is an open access journal which means that all content is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles, crawl them for indexing, pass them as data to software, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author.

JAE supports free online communication and exchange of knowledge as the most effective way of ensuring that the fruits of research and development practice are made widely available. It is therefore committed to open access, which, for authors, enables the widest possible dissemination of their findings and, for readers, increases their ability to discover pertinent information. The Journal adopts and uses the CC BY-NC-ND license. Under this license users are permitted to: Copy and distribute the article (non-commercially); you can’t change or alter the article in anyway; Users are not allowed to data mine the article. 

Licensing and Copyright

The Journal of Agricultural Extension adopts and uses the CC BY-NC-ND license. Under this license author retains copyright and users are permitted to copy and distribute the article (non-commercially). Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 License, that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal’s published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository, in a journal or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories, disciplinary repositories, or on their website) prior to and during the submission process.

Publication Scheduling

The Journal publishes four issues in a year (January, April, July and October).

General

Publishing in the Journal of Agricultural Extension, (JAE) involves the author, the journal editor, the reviewer, the Agricultural Extension Society of Nigeria and other key stakeholders and service providers. Each actor plays an important role in meeting the expected ethical standards at all stages from submission to publication of an article.  

The Journal of Agricultural Extension is committed to meeting and upholding standards of ethical behaviour at all stages of the publication process. The Journal follows closely the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) that set standards and provide guidelines for best practices in order to meet these requirements.  The Journal subscribes to COPE’s Code of conduct and best practice guidelines for journal editors.  Below is a summary of the Journals key expectations of editors, peer-reviewers, authors, and the Society.

Ethical Expectations

Editors’ responsibilities

 Reviewers’ responsibilities

Authors’ responsibilities

Publisher or Society’s responsibilities

Procedures For Dealing with Unethical Behaviour

 Identification of unethical behaviour

Investigation

 Minor breaches

Serious breaches

Outcomes (in increasing order of severity; may be applied separately or in conjunction)

Plagiarism Policy

Plagiarism is unacknowledged copying or an attempt to misattribute original authorship, whether of ideas, text or results. Plagiarism can include, theft or misappropriation of intellectual property and the substantial unattributed textual copying of another's work. Plagiarism can be said to have clearly occurred when large chunks of text have been cut-and-pasted without appropriate and unambiguous attribution. Such manuscripts would not be considered for publication in a Journal of Agricultural Extension. Apart from wholesale verbatim reuse of text, due care must be taken to ensure appropriate attribution and citation when paraphrasing and summarising the work of others. Reuse of parts of text from an author's previous research publication is a form of self-plagiarism so, due caution must be exercised. When reusing text, whether from the author's own publication or that of others, appropriate attribution and citation is necessary to avoid creating a misleading perception of unique contribution for the reader.

Duplicate (or redundant) publication occurs when an authors reuse substantial parts of their own published work without providing the appropriate references. This can range from publishing an identical paper in multiple journals, to only adding a small amount of new data to a previously published paper.

JAE editors assess all such cases on their individual merits through the review process. When plagiarism becomes evident post-publication, JAE may correct, withdraw the original publication, or place the information on the community platform, depending on the degree of plagiarism, context within the published article and its impact on the overall integrity of the published study.

Repository Policy

JAE encourages authors to freely deposit versions [submitted version, accepted version (author accepted manuscript), published version (version of record)] of their work in an institutional or other repository of their choice.

Archiving

This Journal utilizes the CLOCKSS system to create a distributed archiving system among participating libraries and permits those libraries to create permanent archives of the Journal for purposes of preservation and restoration. The Journal is also hosted and achieved on the website of the African Journal Online (AJOL)

Hosting and Abstracting

The Journal is online on the Journal of Agricultural Extension website (https://journal.aesonnigeria.org) and is hosted online by the African Journal-on-line at https://www.ajol.info/index.php/jae. it is presently abstracted by EBSCO host Electronic Journals Service (EJS), Google Scholar, Journal Seek, Scientific Commons, Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), the CAB Abstracts, Global Health Databases and Scopus.

Executive of the Agricultural Extension Society of Nigeria (2021-2024)

  1. Idrisa, Yusuf Lawan (Prof). [President]

Department of Agricultural Extension Services,
University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
Email: yuzaat696@gmail.com 
Phone: +2348030605207
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7832-1136

  1. Meludu, Nkiru Theresa (Prof). [Vice-President]

Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension,
Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria. 
Email: nkiru_m@yahoo.comnt.meludu@unizik.edu.ng  
Phone: +2348023250457, 
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2105-6903

  1. Elisha-Nissi, David [General Secretary]

Agricultural and Rural Management Training Institute (ARMTI)
P.M.B.1343, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
Email: nissydave@gmail.com
Phone: 07066721307

  1. Dr Yakubu, D. Haruna. [Treasurer]

Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development
Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto
Email; dhyakubu3@gmail.com
Phone: 08036794572

  1. Olajide, Bamidele Rasak (Dr). [Publicity Secretary]

Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development
University of Ibadan
E-mail: r.olajide@gmail.com
Phone: +2348034077794
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8822-2235

  1. Nwobodo, Cynthia Ebere (Dr).[ Assistant General Secretary]

Department of Agricultural Extension
University of Nigeria Nsukka
Email: cynthia.nwobodo@unn.edu.ng
Phone: +234-8039462574 
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5664-6498

  1. Akinbile, Luqman Abiodun (Prof). [Ex-Officio  Member (Immediate Past President)]

Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development
University of Ibadan, Nigeria
Emails: lakinbile@yahoo.com  /  la.akinbile@mail.ui.edu.ng
Phone: +2348023250454
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9630-038X

  1. Professor Michael Chukwuneke Madukwe. [Editor-in-Chief}

Editor-in-Chief
Department of Agricultural Extension
University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
Emails: michael.madukwe@unn.edu.ng /            madukwemichael@yahoo.com
Phone: +2348037006968
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0988-3551

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Submission of manuscript

Articles should be type-written in English, double spaced on only one side of A4 (210 by 297mm) paper and not more than 15 double spaced pages.( using one-inch margins with Arial Theme and 12-point), inclusive of references, tables, figures and appendixes. Articles should be uploaded on the Journal website (journal.aesonnigeria.org). JAE reserves the right to ask authors to shorten excessively long papers before they are entered in the review process. However, JAE recognizes that papers intended to make very extensive contributions or that require additional space for data presentation or references may require more pages.

Section heading

 Tables:

Figures:

References and citations

Follow the style of the 7th edition of the American Psychological Association (APA)

The APA style is common in agricultural extension and is presented here. It should be noted that while APA style changes over time (see APA Website for latest information) Science publishers use variants that only approximate the current version. Depending on the style adopted or recommended by the publisher, institution/association or funding agency, the author must painstakingly maintain a high level of consistency. This can only be achieved through practice. The sample format below is taken from the 7th edition of APA Website. You should make a habit to always consult the website to guide your citations and referencing

Sample Format for Reference List Based on the APA Style

(Most of the presentations here were taken from the APA website and from Gajjar, and Nagalpur, 2013). Please note the references used in this section are for illustration only.

1. Authors

Write all authors’ names begin with the surname(s), followed by their initials. If there is no author, place the title in the author position.

Examples

    1. One author: Qing, S. (2020) Gender role attitudes and males-female income differences in China. Journal of Chinese Sociology 7 (12) 1-23 020) 7:12 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40711-020-00123-w
    2.  Two authors: Kehinde, A.D. & Ogundeji, A.A. (2022). The simultaneous impact of access to credit and cooperative services on cocoa productivity in South-western Nigeria. Agric & Food Security 11, 11 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40066-021-00351-4
    3.  3 to 20 authors (list all authors):  Lamastra, L., Balderacchi, M., Di Guardo, A., Monchiero, M., & Trevisan, M. (2016). A novel fuzzy expert system to assess the sustainability of the viticulture at the wine-estate scale. Science of the Total Environment, 572, 724–733. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.07.043
    4. No author:  New Zealand’s ‘most instagrammed’ spot overrun by illegally parked cars. (2019, November 21). New Zealand Herald. https://www.nzherald.co.nz/travel/news/article.cfm?c_id=7&objectid=1228703

      2. Books
      a. Book without DOI

Author(s), year of publication, book title in italics, publisher

Example

Barkway, D., & O’Kane, D. (2020). Psychology: Introduction for health professionals. Elsevier.

b. Book with DOI

Author(s), year of publication, book title in italics

Example

American Psychological Association. (2020). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association: The official guide to APA style (7th ed.). https://doi.org/10.1037/0000165-000 DOI

Note: This example does not have a publisher as the publisher is the same as the author.

c. Online book

Author(s), year of publication, book title in italics, publisher

Example

National Health Committee. (2015). The introduction of fit for purpose omics-based technologies–Think piece. Ministry of Health. https://www.health.govt.nz/publication/introduction-fit-purpose-omics-based-technologies-think-piece URL

Note: Include a DOI if one is given in place of the URL

d. Books and e-books without DOI

Example

Udoye, C. E. (2022). Training needs of pineapple farmers: How use of ICT enhances production. Routledge

e. Book Chapter (Chapter in an edited book)

Author, year of publication, chapter title, don’t forget “In” book editor(s), book title in italics.

Examples

a) Chand, N. (2019). Standardized turmeric and curcumin. In R. C. Gupta, A. Srivastava, & R. Lall (Eds.), Nutraceuticals in veterinary medicine (pp. 3-24). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04624

b) Igbokwe, E. M. (2021). Concepts in rural and agricultural sociology. In: M. C. Madukwe (Ed.) Agricultural Extension in Nigeria. (pp 23-34). Agricultural Extension Society of Nigeria.

      Include a DOI after the publisher if available

4. Scholarly Journals

a. Journal Article in Print

 

Example

Madukwe M. C. (2022). Rethinking agricultural extension in Nigeria: An insight into private sector approach. Journal of Extension, 13(1&2), 51-62.DOI (Include the DOI after the page numbers if one is available).

b. Journal Article – Online without DOI

Author, year of publication, article title, journal title in italics, volume in italics, issue, pages

Example

Stanton, R. (2019). Dyslexia and oral skills: A student’s journey. ATLAANZ Journal, 4(1), 55-70. https://journal.atlaanz.org/index.php/ATLAANZ/article/view/63/112 URL

c. Journal Article – Online with DOI

Author(s),  year of publication, article title, journal title in italics, volume in italics, issue, pages

Example

Issel, L. M., Bekemeier, B., & Kneipp, S. (2012). A public health nurse research agenda. Public Health Nursing, 29(4), 330-342. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1446.2011.00989.

5. Conference Papers

Examples

  1. Park, H. M. (2015, October). Moon-Young Lee's nonviolence and transcendence ethics in conflict management. Paper Presented at the 3rd Meeting and Mini-conference: Moon-Young Lee's Public Administration and Asian Democracy, Jeonju Traditional Culture Center, Jeonju, Korea. October 23, 2015.
  2. Park, H. M. (2015). Should e-government be transformational and participatory? An essay on e-government in the utilitarian mode of information technology use. Proceedings of the 48th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS-48), Kauai, HI, January 5-8, 2015. 13.

    6. Magazine and Newspaper Articles

Author's last name, first initial. (Publication date). Article title. Periodical title, volume number (issue umber if available), inclusive pages. Note: Do not enclose the title in quotation marks. Put a period after the title. If a periodical includes a volume number, italicize it and then give the page range (in regular type) without "pp." If the periodical does not use volume numbers, as in newspapers, use p. or pp. for page numbers.

When citing a URL or DOI of magazine or newspaper, use “Retrieved from” in APA style.

Examples

  1. Kalette, D. (1986, July 21). California town counts town to big quake. USA Today, 9, p. A1.
  2. Smith, B. (2021, March). Sending money with a phone. Wireless Week, 14(6), 12-13. Retrieved from http://www.wirelessweek.com/articles/2008/03/sending-money-phone.
  3. Fackler, M. (2022, April 24). Recriminations and regrets follow suicide of South Korean. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com
  4. Abdullahi, Ahmed (2022). Any new direction in Nigeria’s agricultural development. Nation 135 Thursday, July13,2012, 16-19.

7. Government/Agency Documents (Citing Report and Government Publication)

Examples

  1. Nations and American Society for Public Administration. (2002). Benchmarking egovernment: A global perspective. New York: United Nations. Retrieved from http://unpan3.un.org/egovkb/Portals/egovkb/Documents/un/English.pdf
  2. S. Geological Survey. (1994). Relations of changes in wastewater-treatment practices to changes in stream-water quality during 1978-88 in the Chicago area, Illinois, and implications for regional and national water-quality assessments, by Paul J. Terrio. Washington, DC: U.S. Dept. of the Interior. Retrieved from http://purl.access.gpo.gov/GPO/LPS57435.
  3. Park, Hun Myoung. (2015). Has information technology competence ever increased? Evidences from the Annual User Satisfaction Survey of Information Technology Services (Economics and Management Series EMS-2015-03). Graduate School of International Relations, International University of Japan.
  4. Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) (2022). Bulletin of Statistics, 41st CBN, Abuja Nigeria.

8. Dissertations and Thesis (Citing a Master’s Thesis or Dissertation).

You need to provide author name, publication date, sentence-cased title, type of a material, and institute’s name. A type of a material may be “PhD dissertation,” “PhD diss.,” or “master’s thesis.” A comma separates the type of a material from institute’s name. In APA, use “Unpublished doctoral dissertation” or “Unpublished master’s thesis” and a comma between the institution name and place (city)/country.

Examples

  1. Madukwe, M. C. (2022). Differential adoption of agricultural innovation in Nigeria (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
  2. Gbana, N. S. H. (2022). Technological capabilities of actors in maize innovation system in Adamawa and Taraba States, Nigeria . (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Taraba State University, Jalingo.
  3. Oludare, B. C. (2022). Land use and agricultural development among hill peoples in Western Nigeria. (Unpublished doctoral thesis). University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria.

    9. Unpublished Papers and Reports

Example

Agwu, A. E. (2021). Farmers’ perceptions of privatization of agricultural extension in  Nigeria. Paper presented at the annual conference of the Agricultural Extension Society of Nigeria, 3-6 April, Nsukka.

  1. Webpages
  1. Webpage with date

 Author, year of publication, web page title, website name, URL

Example

Cuncic, A. (2021). The Mandela effect. Verywellmind. https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-the-mandela-effect-4589394

10. Webpage without date

Include (n.d.) in place of the publication date.

Author, no date, web page title, website name, URL

Example

Kalter, L. (n.d.). Ducks & more: Animals offer flyers emotional support. WebMD. https://www.webmd.com/balance/stressmanagement/news/20191125/ducks-more-animals-offer-flyers-emotional-suppor

11. Periodicals

Monthly Periodical

Examples

  1. Chandler-Crips, S. (2021, May). Aerobic writing; a writing practice model. Writing Lab Newspaper, pp. 9-11.
  2. Buka T, (2021, July 13) Empowering farmers through Fadam programme. The Nation, pp .

Online Periodical

Author's name. (Date of publication). Title of article. Title of Periodical, volume number, retrieved month day, year, from full URL.

Online Document

Author's name. (Date of publication). Title of work. Retrieved month day, year, from full URL

Note: When citing Internet sources, refer to the specific website document. If a document is undated, use "n.d." (for no date) immediately after the document title. Break a lengthy URL that goes to another line after a slash or before a period. Continually check your references to online documents. There is no period following a URL.

Examples

  1. Devitt, T. (2021, August 2). Lightning injures four at music festival. The Why? Files. Retrieved January 23, 2022, from http://whyfiles.org/137lightning/index.html
  2. Dove, R. (2021). Lady freedom among us. The Electronic Text Center. Retrieved April 19, 2022, from Alderman Library, University of Virginia website: http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/subjects/afam.html

Note: If a document is contained within a large and complex website (such as that for a university or a government agency), identify the host organization and the relevant programme or department before giving the URL for the document itself. Precede the URL with a colon.

  1. Hilts, P. J. (2020, February 16). In forecasting their emotions, most people flunk out. New York Times. Retrieved November 21, 2000, from http://www.nytimes.com
  2. Fredrickson, B. L. (2021, March 7). Cultivating positive emotions to optimize health and well-being. Prevention & Treatment, 3, Article 0001a. Retrieved November 20, 2000, from http://journals.apa.org/prevention/volume3/pre0030001a.html
  3. GVU's 8th WWW user survey. (n.d.). Retrieved August 8, 2000, from http://www.cc.gatech.edu/gvu/usersurveys/survey1997-10/
  4. Health Canada. (2020, February). The safety of genetically modified food crops. Retrieved March 22, 2005, from http://www.hc sc.gc.ca/english/protection/biologics_genetics/gen_mod_foods/genmodebk.html

12. Encyclopaedia and Dictionary

Author's last name, first initial. (Date). Title of Article. Title of Encyclopedia (Volume, pages). City of publication: Publishing company.

Examples

  1. Bergmann, P. G. (2020). Relativity. In The new encyclopedia Britannica (Vol. 26, pp. 501-508). Chicago: Encyclopedia Britannica.
  2. Merriam-Webster's collegiate dictionary (10th Ed.). (2021). Springfield, MA: Merriam-Webster.
  3. Pettingill, O. S., Jr. (2021). Falcon and Falconry. World book encyclopedia. (pp. 150-155). Chicago: World Book.
  4. Tobias, R. (2021). Thurber, James. Encyclopedia Americana. (p. 600). New York: Scholastic Library Publishing.
  5. Stach, M. (2021). Boredom. In: The encyclopedia of useless knowledge (Vol. 13, pp. 123, 234).  Scotts valley, CA: Bethany press.
  6. Bergmann, P. G. (2021). Relativity. In The new Encyclopaedia Brittanica (Vol. 26, pp. 501-508). Chicago: Encyclopaedia Brittanica.

 

13. In Case of No Author and Date

Title (sentence capitalization). (n.d.). …

Payment for Publication

Submission and review are at no cost to the authors. The cost of the review process is borne by the Society.  However, authors of accepted articles are required to pay a publication fee of ₦50,000 ($100). Authors of accepted articles that came through the annual or special conferences of the Society will be required to pay a publication charge of ₦ 15,000. The monies are specifically used to support part of the cost of publication, distribution of the hard copies of the Journal and related activities. 

Publication Fee Waiver and Discounts 

JAE has provision for publication fee waiver and discounts for authors with demonstrated needs ( places in war crisis, prolonged natural disaster, physically challenged). Discounts vary from 10% to 50%. Application for waiver or discounts should be addressed to (agricultural.extension.nigeria@gmail.com) indicating basis for the request.

For payments by authors within Nigeria (Naira)
Bank Name: Access Bank (Ilorin Branch)
Account Name: Agricultural Extension Society of Nigeria
Account Number, 0020725578

For payments by authors outside Nigeria (Dollar)
Pay through:

Citibank New York
111, Wall Street
New York
N Y 10043
SWIFT CODE: CITIUS33
ABA .I. D: 012-000-089
ACOUNT NUMBER: 36145842

FOR FINAL CREDIT TO:
ACCESS Bank Nigeria

SWIFT CODE: ABNGNGLA

Name: Agricultural Extension Society of Nigeria
Name of Bank: Access Bank
Account Number: 0688190790

Authorship Policy

Authorship provides credit for a researcher's contributions to a study and carries accountability. Each author is expected to have made substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work; or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data; or have drafted the work or substantively revised it. Also expected is to have approved the submitted version (and any substantially modified version that involves the author's contribution to the study); agreed both to be personally accountable for the author's own contributions and to ensure that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work, even ones in which the author was not personally involved, are appropriately investigated, resolved, and the resolution documented.

JAE encourages collaboration with colleagues in the locations where the research is conducted, and expect their inclusion as co-authors when they fulfill all authorship criteria described above. Contributors who do not meet all criteria for authorship should be listed in the Acknowledgements section.

Author contribution statements

JAE encourages transparency by publishing author contribution statements. Authors are required to include a statement of responsibility in all types of manuscript.

JAE will require all authors of a research paper to sign the contract regarding authorship order as indicated below at submission. A summary will be part of the publication if accepted. The summary will indicate the overall percentage contribution to the study by each author and the specific activities performed by each author in backets.

 

 Contract Regarding Authorship Order

We hereby enter into an agreement, as outlined below, regarding the authorship order for the publication of the article tentatively titled: ______________________________________________________________

 

FIRST AUTHOR

Name (print):

Percent effort:

Signature: Activity Score:

Brief description of basic responsibilities/role on project:

 

 SECOND AUTHOR

Name (print):

Percent effort:

Signature: Activity Score:

Brief description of basic responsibilities/role on project:

 

 THIRD AUTHOR

Name (print):

Percent effort:

Signature: Activity Score:

Brief description of basic responsibilities/role on project:

 

 FOURTH AUTHOR

Name (print):

Percent effort:

Signature: Activity Score:

Brief description of basic responsibilities/role on project:

 

 Date contract signed: _________

Submission to the journal is taken by the journal to mean that all the listed authors have agreed to all of the contents, including the author list and author contribution statements. JAE correspondence during the review of an article goes to all the authors. However, the corresponding author is responsible for submitting a competing interests' statement on behalf of all authors of the paper.

Any changes to the author list after submission, such as a change in the order of the authors or the deletion or addition of authors, must be approved by every author. JAE is not in a position to investigate or adjudicate authorship disputes before or after publication. Such disagreements, if they cannot be resolved amongst authors, should be directed to the relevant institutional authority.

Author identification

As part of our efforts to improve transparency and unambiguous attribution of scholarly contributions, all authors of published papers must provide their Open Researcher and Contributor Identifier (ORCID) iD.

The primary affiliation for each author should be the institution where the majority of their work was done. If an author has subsequently moved, the current address may also be stated. Also required are the email address (preferably institutional email address) and phone number of each author.

Consortia authorship

A collective of authors can be listed as a consortium. If necessary, individual authors can be listed in both the main author list and as a member of a consortium. All authors within a consortium must be listed at the end of the paper.

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This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.

JAE supports free online communication and exchange of knowledge as the most effective way of ensuring that the fruits of research and development practice are made widely available. It is therefore committed to open access, which, for authors, enables the widest possible dissemination of their findings and, for readers, increases their ability to discover pertinent information. The Journal adopts and uses the CC BY-NC-ND license. Under this license users are permitted to: Copy and distribute the article (non-commercially); you can’t change or alter the article in anyway; Users are not allowed to data mine the article. 

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The mission of the Journal of Agricultural Extension is to publish conceptual papers and empirical research that tests, extends, or builds agricultural extension theory and contributes to the practice of extension worldwide.

Focus and Scope

The Journal of Agricultural Extension (JAE) is devoted to the advancement of knowledge of agricultural extension services and practice through the publication of original and empirically based research, focusing on; extension administration and supervision, programme planning, monitoring and evaluation, diffusion and adoption of innovations; extension communication models and strategies; extension research and methodological issues; nutrition extension; extension youth programme; women-in-agriculture; extension, marginalized and vulnerable groups, Climate Change and the environment, farm and produce security, ICT, innovation systems. JAE will normally not publish articles based on research covering very small geographic area (town community and local government areas/council/counties) that cannot feed into policy, except they present critical insights into new and emerging issues is agricultural extension and rural development.

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Prof. Michael C. Madukwe, FAESON (Editor-in-Chief)
Department of Agricultural Extension, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Nigeria, Nsukka Enugu State, Nigeria
Email:
editorinchief@aesonnigeria.org  agricultural.extension.nigeria@gmail.com  michael.madukwemc@unn.edu.ng.; madukwemichael@yahoo.com
Cell Phone: +2348037006968

Dr Judih Kamoto (Associate Professor)
Acting College Director, Bunda College, Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources (LUANAR) P.O. Box 219, Liongwe, Malawi
Email: jkamoto@luanar.ac.mw; judithkamoto@gmail.com
Cell Phone: +265995567000;  +265888029196

Prof. Edwin M. Igbokwe FAESON
Department of Agricultural Extension, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria Email: edwin.igbokwe@unn.edu.ng; emigbo@yahoo.com
Cell Phone: +2348034261915

Prof. Chris J. Garforth
Internal and Rural Development Department, School of Agricultural Policy and Development University of Reading, UK
Email:
c.j.garforth@reading.ac.uk
Phone: +447730532746

Dr. Musa A. Dube (Associate Professor)
Department of Agricultural Education and Extension Faculty of Agriculture University of Swaziland P.O. Luyengo M205 Swaziland, Southern Africa
Email:
madube@agric.uniswa.sz
Cell Phone: +26879737613

Dr. R. Saravanan (Associate Professor) (Extension Education & Rural Sociology)
Department of Social Sciences, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Central Agricultural University (CAU) Pasighat- 791 102, Arunachal Pradesh, INDIA
e-Mail: saravanan.raj@manage.gov.in, saravananraj@hotmail.com/ saravananraj.manage@gmail.com
Mobile Phone No.: +91-8465007799

Prof. L. A. Akinbile
Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
Email:
la.akinbile@mail.ui.edu.ng; lakinbile@yahoo.com
Cell Phone: +2348023250454

Invalid data type in setData: We encourage research librarians to list this journal among their library's electronic journal holdings. As well, it may be worth noting that this journal's open source publishing system is suitable for libraries to host for their faculty members to use with journals they are involved in editing (see Open Journal Systems).Invalid data type in setData:

This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.

JAE supports free online communication and exchange of knowledge as the most effective way of ensuring that the fruits of research and development practice are made widely available. It is therefore committed to open access, which, for authors, enables the widest possible dissemination of their findings and, for readers, increases their ability to discover pertinent information. The Journal adopts and uses the CC BY-NC-ND license. Under this license users are permitted to: Copy and distribute the article (non-commercially); you can’t change or alter the article in anyway; Users are not allowed to data mine the article. 

Invalid data type in setData: This journal utilizes the LOCKSS system to create a distributed archiving system among participating libraries and permits those libraries to create permanent archives of the journal for purposes of preservation and restoration. More...Invalid data type in setData: The payment of this fee will enroll you as a member in this association for one year and provide you with free access to this journal.Invalid data type in setData: Association MembershipInvalid data type in setData: Journal of Agricultural ExtensionInvalid data type in setData:

This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.

JAE is an open access journal which means that all content is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles, crawl them for indexing, pass them as data to software, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author.

JAE supports free online communication and exchange of knowledge as the most effective way of ensuring that the fruits of research and development practice are made widely available. It is therefore committed to open access, which, for authors, enables the widest possible dissemination of their findings and, for readers, increases their ability to discover pertinent information. The Journal adopts and uses the CC BY-NC-ND license. Under this license users are permitted to: Copy and distribute the article (non-commercially); you can’t change or alter the article in anyway; Users are not allowed to data mine the article. 

Licensing and Copyright

The Journal of Agricultural Extension adopts and uses the CC BY-NC-ND license. Under this license author retains copyright and users are permitted to copy and distribute the article (non-commercially). Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 License, that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal’s published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository, in a journal or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories, disciplinary repositories, or on their website) prior to and during the submission process.

Invalid data type in setData: The names and email addresses entered in this journal site will be used exclusively for the stated purposes of this journal and will not be made available for any other purpose or to any other party.Invalid data type in setData: If this paper is accepted for publication, you will be asked to pay an Article Publication Fee to cover publications costs.Invalid data type in setData: Article PublicationInvalid data type in setData: The payment of this fee will enable you to view, download, and print this article.Invalid data type in setData: Purchase ArticleInvalid data type in setData: We encourage readers to sign up for the publishing notification service for this journal. Use the Register link at the top of the homepage for the journal. This registration will result in the reader receiving the Table of Contents by email for each new issue of the journal. This list also allows the journal to claim a certain level of support or readership. See the journal's Privacy Statement which assures readers that their name and email address will not be used for other purposes.Invalid data type in setData:

Your invitation to serve as a reviewer in the peer review process is based on trust. Reviewers must maintain confidentiality, treat all manuscripts and materials confidentially and must not communicate directly with authors.
JAE aims is to have a first decision to the authors by 4-6 weeks after submission.
Articles are initially reviewed by at least two Reviewers.
Reviewers should read the JAE Guide to Authors and pay attention to the following:

JAE expects reviewers to provide on time a thorough and comprehensive report. Provide useful comments for authors and a clear recommendation to the Editor. Reviewers are at liberty to use the JAE review platform on JAE website (http://www.journal.aesonnigeria.org or send a report following the criteria by email to the Editor-in-Chief  editorinchief@aesonnigeria.org or Journalagric.extension@hotmail.co.uk

Invalid data type in setData: Authors are required to pay an Article Submission Fee as part of the submission process to contribute to review costs.Invalid data type in setData: Article SubmissionInvalid data type in setData: AJOLInvalid data type in setData:

Welcome to African Journals Online (AJOL)!

Researchers and policy-makers need access to contextually-relevant quality research publications from Africa in order to develop solutions to address the continent’s challenges in health, education, climate change & under-development.

AJOL, the indexing platform of quality African-published scholarly journals, is a Non-Profit Organisation that (since 1998) works to increase global & continental online access, awareness, quality & use of African-published, peer-reviewed research.

Invalid data type in setData: Interested in submitting to this journal? We recommend that you review the About the Journal page for the journal's section policies, as well as the Author Guidelines. Authors need to register with the journal prior to submitting, or if already registered can simply log in and begin the 5 step process.Invalid data type in setData: African Journals OnLineInvalid data type in setData: Copyright for articles published in this journal is retained by the journal.Invalid data type in setData: We encourage research librarians to list this journal among their library's electronic journal holdings. As well, it may be worth noting that this journal's open source publishing system is suitable for libraries to host for their faculty members to use with journals they are involved in editing (see Open Journal Systems).Invalid data type in setData: Copyright for articles published in this journal is retained by the journal.Invalid data type in setData: This journal utilizes the LOCKSS system to create a distributed archiving system among participating libraries and permits those libraries to create permanent archives of the journal for purposes of preservation and restoration. More...Invalid data type in setData: The payment of this fee will enroll you as a member in this association for one year and provide you with free access to this journal.Invalid data type in setData: Association MembershipInvalid data type in setData: African Journals OnlineInvalid data type in setData:

info@ajol.info

CC-BY-SA African Journals Online (AJOL), with the exception of 3rd party content (3rd party content includes inter alia all journal content accessible on or via AJOL. Re-use or sharing of AJOL-hosted journal abstracts and full text articles is not nor has ever been legally permitted unless the journal/s' and/or article/s' displayed copyright and/or license explicitly permits it, or without specific written direct permission from journal/s and/or their publishing entity/ies and/or article author/s if the author/s hold copyright)

African Journals Online (RF) S.A. Non Profit Company (NPC) Registration Number: 2005/033363/08

Invalid data type in setData: The names and email addresses entered in this journal site will be used exclusively for the stated purposes of this journal and will not be made available for any other purpose or to any other party.Invalid data type in setData: If this paper is accepted for publication, you will be asked to pay an Article Publication Fee to cover publications costs.Invalid data type in setData: Article PublicationInvalid data type in setData: The payment of this fee will enable you to view, download, and print this article.Invalid data type in setData: Purchase ArticleInvalid data type in setData: We encourage readers to sign up for the publishing notification service for this journal. Use the Register link at the top of the homepage for the journal. This registration will result in the reader receiving the Table of Contents by email for each new issue of the journal. This list also allows the journal to claim a certain level of support or readership. See the journal's Privacy Statement which assures readers that their name and email address will not be used for other purposes.Invalid data type in setData: Authors are required to pay an Article Submission Fee as part of the submission process to contribute to review costs.Invalid data type in setData: Article SubmissionInvalid data type in setData: jaeInvalid data type in setData:

Peer Review

All articles submitted to the Journal undergo double-blind peer-review. The reviewers have no access to the identity of the authors, and the authors do not know who the reviewers are. Members of the editorial team/board/guest editors are permitted to submit their own papers to the journal. In a situation where an author or authors are associated with the journal, they will be removed from all editorial tasks for that paper and another member of the team will be assigned responsibility for overseeing peer review. A competing interest must also be declared within the submission.

Each article on submission is reviewed for relevance to the scope of the Journal by the Editor-In-Chief. Article are screened for plagiarism using the Turnitin programme with a maximum of 25% limit on similarity, for it to go into the review process. Articles that do not meet the basic criteria are rejected at this stage and authors promptly informed. Articles that meet basic requirements are initially reviewed by at least two reviewers. The recommendation of the reviewers informs the decision of the editorial board to accept on the conditions that the concerns raised by the reviewers are addressed (the article is back to the authors to address the reviewers’ concerns) or to reject. Where there is a notable disagreement between the reports of the two initial reviewers, a third reviewer may be consulted. JAE aims to have a first decision to the authors by 4-6 weeks after submission.

Guide to Reviewers

Your invitation to serve as a reviewer in the peer review process is based on trust. Reviewers must maintain confidentiality, treat all manuscripts and materials confidentially and must not communicate directly with authors.

In order to ensure this, follow this step before you start the review process:
-    Click Review on the Microsoft
-    Click the dropdown under Track Changes
-    Click “Change user name”
-    Then Change your user name to “Reviewer”
JAE aims is to have a first decision to the authors by 4-6 weeks after submission.

Articles are initially reviewed by at least two Reviewers.

Reviewers should read the JAE Guide to Authors and  pay attention to the following:

JAE expects reviewers to provide on time, a thorough and comprehensive report. Provide useful comments for authors and a clear recommendation to the Editor. Reviewers are at liberty to use the JAE review platform on JAE website (https://www.journal.aesonnigeria.org or send a report following the criteria by email to the Editor-in-Chief: agricultural.extension.nigeria@gmail.com   or editorinchief@aesonnigeria.org

For more information: Reviewer’s information

Please Download AESON Reviewer's Report Form Download Fill and Upload, Click to download

Open Access Policy

This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.

JAE is an open access journal which means that all content is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles, crawl them for indexing, pass them as data to software, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author.

JAE supports free online communication and exchange of knowledge as the most effective way of ensuring that the fruits of research and development practice are made widely available. It is therefore committed to open access, which, for authors, enables the widest possible dissemination of their findings and, for readers, increases their ability to discover pertinent information. The Journal adopts and uses the CC BY-NC-ND license. Under this license users are permitted to: Copy and distribute the article (non-commercially); you can’t change or alter the article in anyway; Users are not allowed to data mine the article. 

Licensing and Copyright

The Journal of Agricultural Extension adopts and uses the CC BY-NC-ND license. Under this license author retains copyright and users are permitted to copy and distribute the article (non-commercially). Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 License, that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal’s published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository, in a journal or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories, disciplinary repositories, or on their website) prior to and during the submission process.

Publication Scheduling

The Journal publishes four issues in a year (January, April, July and October).

General

Publishing in the Journal of Agricultural Extension, (JAE) involves the author, the journal editor, the reviewer, the Agricultural Extension Society of Nigeria and other key stakeholders and service providers. Each actor plays an important role in meeting the expected ethical standards at all stages from submission to publication of an article.  

The Journal of Agricultural Extension is committed to meeting and upholding standards of ethical behaviour at all stages of the publication process. The Journal follows closely the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) that set standards and provide guidelines for best practices in order to meet these requirements.  The Journal subscribes to COPE’s Code of conduct and best practice guidelines for journal editors.  Below is a summary of the Journals key expectations of editors, peer-reviewers, authors, and the Society.

Ethical Expectations

Editors’ responsibilities

 Reviewers’ responsibilities

Authors’ responsibilities

Publisher or Society’s responsibilities

Procedures For Dealing with Unethical Behaviour

 Identification of unethical behaviour

Investigation

 Minor breaches

Serious breaches

Outcomes (in increasing order of severity; may be applied separately or in conjunction)

Plagiarism Policy

Plagiarism is unacknowledged copying or an attempt to misattribute original authorship, whether of ideas, text or results. Plagiarism can include, theft or misappropriation of intellectual property and the substantial unattributed textual copying of another's work. Plagiarism can be said to have clearly occurred when large chunks of text have been cut-and-pasted without appropriate and unambiguous attribution. Such manuscripts would not be considered for publication in a Journal of Agricultural Extension. Apart from wholesale verbatim reuse of text, due care must be taken to ensure appropriate attribution and citation when paraphrasing and summarising the work of others. Reuse of parts of text from an author's previous research publication is a form of self-plagiarism so, due caution must be exercised. When reusing text, whether from the author's own publication or that of others, appropriate attribution and citation is necessary to avoid creating a misleading perception of unique contribution for the reader.

Duplicate (or redundant) publication occurs when an authors reuse substantial parts of their own published work without providing the appropriate references. This can range from publishing an identical paper in multiple journals, to only adding a small amount of new data to a previously published paper.

JAE editors assess all such cases on their individual merits through the review process. When plagiarism becomes evident post-publication, JAE may correct, withdraw the original publication, or place the information on the community platform, depending on the degree of plagiarism, context within the published article and its impact on the overall integrity of the published study.

Repository Policy

JAE encourages authors to freely deposit versions [submitted version, accepted version (author accepted manuscript), published version (version of record)] of their work in an institutional or other repository of their choice.

Archiving

This Journal utilizes the CLOCKSS system to create a distributed archiving system among participating libraries and permits those libraries to create permanent archives of the Journal for purposes of preservation and restoration. The Journal is also hosted and achieved on the website of the African Journal Online (AJOL)

Hosting and Abstracting

The Journal is online on the Journal of Agricultural Extension website (https://journal.aesonnigeria.org) and is hosted online by the African Journal-on-line at https://www.ajol.info/index.php/jae. it is presently abstracted by EBSCO host Electronic Journals Service (EJS), Google Scholar, Journal Seek, Scientific Commons, Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), the CAB Abstracts, Global Health Databases and Scopus.

Executive of the Agricultural Extension Society of Nigeria (2021-2024)

  1. Idrisa, Yusuf Lawan (Prof). [President]

Department of Agricultural Extension Services,
University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
Email: yuzaat696@gmail.com 
Phone: +2348030605207
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7832-1136

  1. Meludu, Nkiru Theresa (Prof). [Vice-President]

Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension,
Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria. 
Email: nkiru_m@yahoo.comnt.meludu@unizik.edu.ng  
Phone: +2348023250457, 
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2105-6903

  1. Elisha-Nissi, David [General Secretary]

Agricultural and Rural Management Training Institute (ARMTI)
P.M.B.1343, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
Email: nissydave@gmail.com
Phone: 07066721307

  1. Dr Yakubu, D. Haruna. [Treasurer]

Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development
Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto
Email; dhyakubu3@gmail.com
Phone: 08036794572

  1. Olajide, Bamidele Rasak (Dr). [Publicity Secretary]

Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development
University of Ibadan
E-mail: r.olajide@gmail.com
Phone: +2348034077794
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8822-2235

  1. Nwobodo, Cynthia Ebere (Dr).[ Assistant General Secretary]

Department of Agricultural Extension
University of Nigeria Nsukka
Email: cynthia.nwobodo@unn.edu.ng
Phone: +234-8039462574 
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5664-6498

  1. Akinbile, Luqman Abiodun (Prof). [Ex-Officio  Member (Immediate Past President)]

Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development
University of Ibadan, Nigeria
Emails: lakinbile@yahoo.com  /  la.akinbile@mail.ui.edu.ng
Phone: +2348023250454
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9630-038X

  1. Professor Michael Chukwuneke Madukwe. [Editor-in-Chief}

Editor-in-Chief
Department of Agricultural Extension
University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
Emails: michael.madukwe@unn.edu.ng /            madukwemichael@yahoo.com
Phone: +2348037006968
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0988-3551

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Submission of manuscript

Articles should be type-written in English, double spaced on only one side of A4 (210 by 297mm) paper and not more than 15 double spaced pages.( using one-inch margins with Arial Theme and 12-point), inclusive of references, tables, figures and appendixes. Articles should be uploaded on the Journal website (journal.aesonnigeria.org). JAE reserves the right to ask authors to shorten excessively long papers before they are entered in the review process. However, JAE recognizes that papers intended to make very extensive contributions or that require additional space for data presentation or references may require more pages.

Section heading

 Tables:

Figures:

References and citations

Follow the style of the 7th edition of the American Psychological Association (APA)

The APA style is common in agricultural extension and is presented here. It should be noted that while APA style changes over time (see APA Website for latest information) Science publishers use variants that only approximate the current version. Depending on the style adopted or recommended by the publisher, institution/association or funding agency, the author must painstakingly maintain a high level of consistency. This can only be achieved through practice. The sample format below is taken from the 7th edition of APA Website. You should make a habit to always consult the website to guide your citations and referencing

Sample Format for Reference List Based on the APA Style

(Most of the presentations here were taken from the APA website and from Gajjar, and Nagalpur, 2013). Please note the references used in this section are for illustration only.

1. Authors

Write all authors’ names begin with the surname(s), followed by their initials. If there is no author, place the title in the author position.

Examples

    1. One author: Qing, S. (2020) Gender role attitudes and males-female income differences in China. Journal of Chinese Sociology 7 (12) 1-23 020) 7:12 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40711-020-00123-w
    2.  Two authors: Kehinde, A.D. & Ogundeji, A.A. (2022). The simultaneous impact of access to credit and cooperative services on cocoa productivity in South-western Nigeria. Agric & Food Security 11, 11 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40066-021-00351-4
    3.  3 to 20 authors (list all authors):  Lamastra, L., Balderacchi, M., Di Guardo, A., Monchiero, M., & Trevisan, M. (2016). A novel fuzzy expert system to assess the sustainability of the viticulture at the wine-estate scale. Science of the Total Environment, 572, 724–733. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.07.043
    4. No author:  New Zealand’s ‘most instagrammed’ spot overrun by illegally parked cars. (2019, November 21). New Zealand Herald. https://www.nzherald.co.nz/travel/news/article.cfm?c_id=7&objectid=1228703

      2. Books
      a. Book without DOI

Author(s), year of publication, book title in italics, publisher

Example

Barkway, D., & O’Kane, D. (2020). Psychology: Introduction for health professionals. Elsevier.

b. Book with DOI

Author(s), year of publication, book title in italics

Example

American Psychological Association. (2020). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association: The official guide to APA style (7th ed.). https://doi.org/10.1037/0000165-000 DOI

Note: This example does not have a publisher as the publisher is the same as the author.

c. Online book

Author(s), year of publication, book title in italics, publisher

Example

National Health Committee. (2015). The introduction of fit for purpose omics-based technologies–Think piece. Ministry of Health. https://www.health.govt.nz/publication/introduction-fit-purpose-omics-based-technologies-think-piece URL

Note: Include a DOI if one is given in place of the URL

d. Books and e-books without DOI

Example

Udoye, C. E. (2022). Training needs of pineapple farmers: How use of ICT enhances production. Routledge

e. Book Chapter (Chapter in an edited book)

Author, year of publication, chapter title, don’t forget “In” book editor(s), book title in italics.

Examples

a) Chand, N. (2019). Standardized turmeric and curcumin. In R. C. Gupta, A. Srivastava, & R. Lall (Eds.), Nutraceuticals in veterinary medicine (pp. 3-24). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04624

b) Igbokwe, E. M. (2021). Concepts in rural and agricultural sociology. In: M. C. Madukwe (Ed.) Agricultural Extension in Nigeria. (pp 23-34). Agricultural Extension Society of Nigeria.

      Include a DOI after the publisher if available

4. Scholarly Journals

a. Journal Article in Print

 

Example

Madukwe M. C. (2022). Rethinking agricultural extension in Nigeria: An insight into private sector approach. Journal of Extension, 13(1&2), 51-62.DOI (Include the DOI after the page numbers if one is available).

b. Journal Article – Online without DOI

Author, year of publication, article title, journal title in italics, volume in italics, issue, pages

Example

Stanton, R. (2019). Dyslexia and oral skills: A student’s journey. ATLAANZ Journal, 4(1), 55-70. https://journal.atlaanz.org/index.php/ATLAANZ/article/view/63/112 URL

c. Journal Article – Online with DOI

Author(s),  year of publication, article title, journal title in italics, volume in italics, issue, pages

Example

Issel, L. M., Bekemeier, B., & Kneipp, S. (2012). A public health nurse research agenda. Public Health Nursing, 29(4), 330-342. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1446.2011.00989.

5. Conference Papers

Examples

  1. Park, H. M. (2015, October). Moon-Young Lee's nonviolence and transcendence ethics in conflict management. Paper Presented at the 3rd Meeting and Mini-conference: Moon-Young Lee's Public Administration and Asian Democracy, Jeonju Traditional Culture Center, Jeonju, Korea. October 23, 2015.
  2. Park, H. M. (2015). Should e-government be transformational and participatory? An essay on e-government in the utilitarian mode of information technology use. Proceedings of the 48th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS-48), Kauai, HI, January 5-8, 2015. 13.

    6. Magazine and Newspaper Articles

Author's last name, first initial. (Publication date). Article title. Periodical title, volume number (issue umber if available), inclusive pages. Note: Do not enclose the title in quotation marks. Put a period after the title. If a periodical includes a volume number, italicize it and then give the page range (in regular type) without "pp." If the periodical does not use volume numbers, as in newspapers, use p. or pp. for page numbers.

When citing a URL or DOI of magazine or newspaper, use “Retrieved from” in APA style.

Examples

  1. Kalette, D. (1986, July 21). California town counts town to big quake. USA Today, 9, p. A1.
  2. Smith, B. (2021, March). Sending money with a phone. Wireless Week, 14(6), 12-13. Retrieved from http://www.wirelessweek.com/articles/2008/03/sending-money-phone.
  3. Fackler, M. (2022, April 24). Recriminations and regrets follow suicide of South Korean. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com
  4. Abdullahi, Ahmed (2022). Any new direction in Nigeria’s agricultural development. Nation 135 Thursday, July13,2012, 16-19.

7. Government/Agency Documents (Citing Report and Government Publication)

Examples

  1. Nations and American Society for Public Administration. (2002). Benchmarking egovernment: A global perspective. New York: United Nations. Retrieved from http://unpan3.un.org/egovkb/Portals/egovkb/Documents/un/English.pdf
  2. S. Geological Survey. (1994). Relations of changes in wastewater-treatment practices to changes in stream-water quality during 1978-88 in the Chicago area, Illinois, and implications for regional and national water-quality assessments, by Paul J. Terrio. Washington, DC: U.S. Dept. of the Interior. Retrieved from http://purl.access.gpo.gov/GPO/LPS57435.
  3. Park, Hun Myoung. (2015). Has information technology competence ever increased? Evidences from the Annual User Satisfaction Survey of Information Technology Services (Economics and Management Series EMS-2015-03). Graduate School of International Relations, International University of Japan.
  4. Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) (2022). Bulletin of Statistics, 41st CBN, Abuja Nigeria.

8. Dissertations and Thesis (Citing a Master’s Thesis or Dissertation).

You need to provide author name, publication date, sentence-cased title, type of a material, and institute’s name. A type of a material may be “PhD dissertation,” “PhD diss.,” or “master’s thesis.” A comma separates the type of a material from institute’s name. In APA, use “Unpublished doctoral dissertation” or “Unpublished master’s thesis” and a comma between the institution name and place (city)/country.

Examples

  1. Madukwe, M. C. (2022). Differential adoption of agricultural innovation in Nigeria (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
  2. Gbana, N. S. H. (2022). Technological capabilities of actors in maize innovation system in Adamawa and Taraba States, Nigeria . (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Taraba State University, Jalingo.
  3. Oludare, B. C. (2022). Land use and agricultural development among hill peoples in Western Nigeria. (Unpublished doctoral thesis). University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria.

    9. Unpublished Papers and Reports

Example

Agwu, A. E. (2021). Farmers’ perceptions of privatization of agricultural extension in  Nigeria. Paper presented at the annual conference of the Agricultural Extension Society of Nigeria, 3-6 April, Nsukka.

  1. Webpages
  1. Webpage with date

 Author, year of publication, web page title, website name, URL

Example

Cuncic, A. (2021). The Mandela effect. Verywellmind. https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-the-mandela-effect-4589394

10. Webpage without date

Include (n.d.) in place of the publication date.

Author, no date, web page title, website name, URL

Example

Kalter, L. (n.d.). Ducks & more: Animals offer flyers emotional support. WebMD. https://www.webmd.com/balance/stressmanagement/news/20191125/ducks-more-animals-offer-flyers-emotional-suppor

11. Periodicals

Monthly Periodical

Examples

  1. Chandler-Crips, S. (2021, May). Aerobic writing; a writing practice model. Writing Lab Newspaper, pp. 9-11.
  2. Buka T, (2021, July 13) Empowering farmers through Fadam programme. The Nation, pp .

Online Periodical

Author's name. (Date of publication). Title of article. Title of Periodical, volume number, retrieved month day, year, from full URL.

Online Document

Author's name. (Date of publication). Title of work. Retrieved month day, year, from full URL

Note: When citing Internet sources, refer to the specific website document. If a document is undated, use "n.d." (for no date) immediately after the document title. Break a lengthy URL that goes to another line after a slash or before a period. Continually check your references to online documents. There is no period following a URL.

Examples

  1. Devitt, T. (2021, August 2). Lightning injures four at music festival. The Why? Files. Retrieved January 23, 2022, from http://whyfiles.org/137lightning/index.html
  2. Dove, R. (2021). Lady freedom among us. The Electronic Text Center. Retrieved April 19, 2022, from Alderman Library, University of Virginia website: http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/subjects/afam.html

Note: If a document is contained within a large and complex website (such as that for a university or a government agency), identify the host organization and the relevant programme or department before giving the URL for the document itself. Precede the URL with a colon.

  1. Hilts, P. J. (2020, February 16). In forecasting their emotions, most people flunk out. New York Times. Retrieved November 21, 2000, from http://www.nytimes.com
  2. Fredrickson, B. L. (2021, March 7). Cultivating positive emotions to optimize health and well-being. Prevention & Treatment, 3, Article 0001a. Retrieved November 20, 2000, from http://journals.apa.org/prevention/volume3/pre0030001a.html
  3. GVU's 8th WWW user survey. (n.d.). Retrieved August 8, 2000, from http://www.cc.gatech.edu/gvu/usersurveys/survey1997-10/
  4. Health Canada. (2020, February). The safety of genetically modified food crops. Retrieved March 22, 2005, from http://www.hc sc.gc.ca/english/protection/biologics_genetics/gen_mod_foods/genmodebk.html

12. Encyclopaedia and Dictionary

Author's last name, first initial. (Date). Title of Article. Title of Encyclopedia (Volume, pages). City of publication: Publishing company.

Examples

  1. Bergmann, P. G. (2020). Relativity. In The new encyclopedia Britannica (Vol. 26, pp. 501-508). Chicago: Encyclopedia Britannica.
  2. Merriam-Webster's collegiate dictionary (10th Ed.). (2021). Springfield, MA: Merriam-Webster.
  3. Pettingill, O. S., Jr. (2021). Falcon and Falconry. World book encyclopedia. (pp. 150-155). Chicago: World Book.
  4. Tobias, R. (2021). Thurber, James. Encyclopedia Americana. (p. 600). New York: Scholastic Library Publishing.
  5. Stach, M. (2021). Boredom. In: The encyclopedia of useless knowledge (Vol. 13, pp. 123, 234).  Scotts valley, CA: Bethany press.
  6. Bergmann, P. G. (2021). Relativity. In The new Encyclopaedia Brittanica (Vol. 26, pp. 501-508). Chicago: Encyclopaedia Brittanica.

 

13. In Case of No Author and Date

Title (sentence capitalization). (n.d.). …

Payment for Publication

Submission and review are at no cost to the authors. The cost of the review process is borne by the Society.  However, authors of accepted articles are required to pay a publication fee of ₦50,000 ($100). Authors of accepted articles that came through the annual or special conferences of the Society will be required to pay a publication charge of ₦ 15,000. The monies are specifically used to support part of the cost of publication, distribution of the hard copies of the Journal and related activities. 

Publication Fee Waiver and Discounts 

JAE has provision for publication fee waiver and discounts for authors with demonstrated needs ( places in war crisis, prolonged natural disaster, physically challenged). Discounts vary from 10% to 50%. Application for waiver or discounts should be addressed to (agricultural.extension.nigeria@gmail.com) indicating basis for the request.

For payments by authors within Nigeria (Naira)
Bank Name: Access Bank (Ilorin Branch)
Account Name: Agricultural Extension Society of Nigeria
Account Number, 0020725578

For payments by authors outside Nigeria (Dollar)
Pay through:

Citibank New York
111, Wall Street
New York
N Y 10043
SWIFT CODE: CITIUS33
ABA .I. D: 012-000-089
ACOUNT NUMBER: 36145842

FOR FINAL CREDIT TO:
ACCESS Bank Nigeria

SWIFT CODE: ABNGNGLA

Name: Agricultural Extension Society of Nigeria
Name of Bank: Access Bank
Account Number: 0688190790

Authorship Policy

Authorship provides credit for a researcher's contributions to a study and carries accountability. Each author is expected to have made substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work; or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data; or have drafted the work or substantively revised it. Also expected is to have approved the submitted version (and any substantially modified version that involves the author's contribution to the study); agreed both to be personally accountable for the author's own contributions and to ensure that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work, even ones in which the author was not personally involved, are appropriately investigated, resolved, and the resolution documented.

JAE encourages collaboration with colleagues in the locations where the research is conducted, and expect their inclusion as co-authors when they fulfill all authorship criteria described above. Contributors who do not meet all criteria for authorship should be listed in the Acknowledgements section.

Author contribution statements

JAE encourages transparency by publishing author contribution statements. Authors are required to include a statement of responsibility in all types of manuscript.

JAE will require all authors of a research paper to sign the contract regarding authorship order as indicated below at submission. A summary will be part of the publication if accepted. The summary will indicate the overall percentage contribution to the study by each author and the specific activities performed by each author in backets.

 

 Contract Regarding Authorship Order

We hereby enter into an agreement, as outlined below, regarding the authorship order for the publication of the article tentatively titled: ______________________________________________________________

 

FIRST AUTHOR

Name (print):

Percent effort:

Signature: Activity Score:

Brief description of basic responsibilities/role on project:

 

 SECOND AUTHOR

Name (print):

Percent effort:

Signature: Activity Score:

Brief description of basic responsibilities/role on project:

 

 THIRD AUTHOR

Name (print):

Percent effort:

Signature: Activity Score:

Brief description of basic responsibilities/role on project:

 

 FOURTH AUTHOR

Name (print):

Percent effort:

Signature: Activity Score:

Brief description of basic responsibilities/role on project:

 

 Date contract signed: _________

Submission to the journal is taken by the journal to mean that all the listed authors have agreed to all of the contents, including the author list and author contribution statements. JAE correspondence during the review of an article goes to all the authors. However, the corresponding author is responsible for submitting a competing interests' statement on behalf of all authors of the paper.

Any changes to the author list after submission, such as a change in the order of the authors or the deletion or addition of authors, must be approved by every author. JAE is not in a position to investigate or adjudicate authorship disputes before or after publication. Such disagreements, if they cannot be resolved amongst authors, should be directed to the relevant institutional authority.

Author identification

As part of our efforts to improve transparency and unambiguous attribution of scholarly contributions, all authors of published papers must provide their Open Researcher and Contributor Identifier (ORCID) iD.

The primary affiliation for each author should be the institution where the majority of their work was done. If an author has subsequently moved, the current address may also be stated. Also required are the email address (preferably institutional email address) and phone number of each author.

Consortia authorship

A collective of authors can be listed as a consortium. If necessary, individual authors can be listed in both the main author list and as a member of a consortium. All authors within a consortium must be listed at the end of the paper.

Invalid data type in setData: Interested in submitting to this journal? We recommend that you review the About the Journal page for the journal's section policies, as well as the Author Guidelines. Authors need to register with the journal prior to submitting, or if already registered can simply log in and begin the 5 step process.Invalid data type in setData: University of NigeriaInvalid data type in setData:

This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.

JAE supports free online communication and exchange of knowledge as the most effective way of ensuring that the fruits of research and development practice are made widely available. It is therefore committed to open access, which, for authors, enables the widest possible dissemination of their findings and, for readers, increases their ability to discover pertinent information. The Journal adopts and uses the CC BY-NC-ND license. Under this license users are permitted to: Copy and distribute the article (non-commercially); you can’t change or alter the article in anyway; Users are not allowed to data mine the article. 

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The mission of the Journal of Agricultural Extension is to publish conceptual papers and empirical research that tests, extends, or builds agricultural extension theory and contributes to the practice of extension worldwide.

Focus and Scope

The Journal of Agricultural Extension (JAE) is devoted to the advancement of knowledge of agricultural extension services and practice through the publication of original and empirically based research, focusing on; extension administration and supervision, programme planning, monitoring and evaluation, diffusion and adoption of innovations; extension communication models and strategies; extension research and methodological issues; nutrition extension; extension youth programme; women-in-agriculture; extension, marginalized and vulnerable groups, Climate Change and the environment, farm and produce security, ICT, innovation systems. JAE will normally not publish articles based on research covering very small geographic area (town community and local government areas/council/counties) that cannot feed into policy, except they present critical insights into new and emerging issues is agricultural extension and rural development.

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Prof. Michael C. Madukwe, FAESON (Editor-in-Chief)
Department of Agricultural Extension, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Nigeria, Nsukka Enugu State, Nigeria
Email:
editorinchief@aesonnigeria.org  agricultural.extension.nigeria@gmail.com  michael.madukwemc@unn.edu.ng.; madukwemichael@yahoo.com
Cell Phone: +2348037006968

Dr Judih Kamoto (Associate Professor)
Acting College Director, Bunda College, Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources (LUANAR) P.O. Box 219, Liongwe, Malawi
Email: jkamoto@luanar.ac.mw; judithkamoto@gmail.com
Cell Phone: +265995567000;  +265888029196

Prof. Edwin M. Igbokwe FAESON
Department of Agricultural Extension, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria Email: edwin.igbokwe@unn.edu.ng; emigbo@yahoo.com
Cell Phone: +2348034261915

Prof. Chris J. Garforth
Internal and Rural Development Department, School of Agricultural Policy and Development University of Reading, UK
Email:
c.j.garforth@reading.ac.uk
Phone: +447730532746

Dr. Musa A. Dube (Associate Professor)
Department of Agricultural Education and Extension Faculty of Agriculture University of Swaziland P.O. Luyengo M205 Swaziland, Southern Africa
Email:
madube@agric.uniswa.sz
Cell Phone: +26879737613

Dr. R. Saravanan (Associate Professor) (Extension Education & Rural Sociology)
Department of Social Sciences, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Central Agricultural University (CAU) Pasighat- 791 102, Arunachal Pradesh, INDIA
e-Mail: saravanan.raj@manage.gov.in, saravananraj@hotmail.com/ saravananraj.manage@gmail.com
Mobile Phone No.: +91-8465007799

Prof. L. A. Akinbile
Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
Email:
la.akinbile@mail.ui.edu.ng; lakinbile@yahoo.com
Cell Phone: +2348023250454

Invalid data type in setData: We encourage research librarians to list this journal among their library's electronic journal holdings. As well, it may be worth noting that this journal's open source publishing system is suitable for libraries to host for their faculty members to use with journals they are involved in editing (see Open Journal Systems).Invalid data type in setData:

This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.

JAE supports free online communication and exchange of knowledge as the most effective way of ensuring that the fruits of research and development practice are made widely available. It is therefore committed to open access, which, for authors, enables the widest possible dissemination of their findings and, for readers, increases their ability to discover pertinent information. The Journal adopts and uses the CC BY-NC-ND license. Under this license users are permitted to: Copy and distribute the article (non-commercially); you can’t change or alter the article in anyway; Users are not allowed to data mine the article. 

Invalid data type in setData: This journal utilizes the LOCKSS system to create a distributed archiving system among participating libraries and permits those libraries to create permanent archives of the journal for purposes of preservation and restoration. More...Invalid data type in setData: The payment of this fee will enroll you as a member in this association for one year and provide you with free access to this journal.Invalid data type in setData: Association MembershipInvalid data type in setData: Journal of Agricultural ExtensionInvalid data type in setData:

This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.

JAE is an open access journal which means that all content is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles, crawl them for indexing, pass them as data to software, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author.

JAE supports free online communication and exchange of knowledge as the most effective way of ensuring that the fruits of research and development practice are made widely available. It is therefore committed to open access, which, for authors, enables the widest possible dissemination of their findings and, for readers, increases their ability to discover pertinent information. The Journal adopts and uses the CC BY-NC-ND license. Under this license users are permitted to: Copy and distribute the article (non-commercially); you can’t change or alter the article in anyway; Users are not allowed to data mine the article. 

Licensing and Copyright

The Journal of Agricultural Extension adopts and uses the CC BY-NC-ND license. Under this license author retains copyright and users are permitted to copy and distribute the article (non-commercially). Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 License, that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal’s published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository, in a journal or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories, disciplinary repositories, or on their website) prior to and during the submission process.

Invalid data type in setData: The names and email addresses entered in this journal site will be used exclusively for the stated purposes of this journal and will not be made available for any other purpose or to any other party.Invalid data type in setData: If this paper is accepted for publication, you will be asked to pay an Article Publication Fee to cover publications costs.Invalid data type in setData: Article PublicationInvalid data type in setData: The payment of this fee will enable you to view, download, and print this article.Invalid data type in setData: Purchase ArticleInvalid data type in setData: We encourage readers to sign up for the publishing notification service for this journal. Use the Register link at the top of the homepage for the journal. This registration will result in the reader receiving the Table of Contents by email for each new issue of the journal. This list also allows the journal to claim a certain level of support or readership. See the journal's Privacy Statement which assures readers that their name and email address will not be used for other purposes.Invalid data type in setData:

Your invitation to serve as a reviewer in the peer review process is based on trust. Reviewers must maintain confidentiality, treat all manuscripts and materials confidentially and must not communicate directly with authors.
JAE aims is to have a first decision to the authors by 4-6 weeks after submission.
Articles are initially reviewed by at least two Reviewers.
Reviewers should read the JAE Guide to Authors and pay attention to the following:

JAE expects reviewers to provide on time a thorough and comprehensive report. Provide useful comments for authors and a clear recommendation to the Editor. Reviewers are at liberty to use the JAE review platform on JAE website (http://www.journal.aesonnigeria.org or send a report following the criteria by email to the Editor-in-Chief  editorinchief@aesonnigeria.org or Journalagric.extension@hotmail.co.uk

Invalid data type in setData: Authors are required to pay an Article Submission Fee as part of the submission process to contribute to review costs.Invalid data type in setData: Article SubmissionInvalid data type in setData: The study sought to identify enterprises carried out by rural women in Anambra State, Nigeria, which help them to adapt to climate change. Structured interview schedule was used to collect data from a sample of four hundred and sixty- two respondents. Data were analysed using percentage, mean scores and standard deviation. Majority (88.7%) of the rural women were involved in multiple enterprises in order to cope with climate change. They were involved in enterprises such as planting of crops (88.1%), marketing of farm produce (79.2%), rearing of farm animals (42.2%), petty trading (58.2%), among others. The study also revealed that rural women made higher incomes per annum from enterprises such as petty trading (M= .61,766.6), teaching (M=.32,625.0), sale of cassava (M= .16,878.0), sale of chicken (M=.12,983.6), among others. The study recommends that appropriate measures should be taken to develop capabilities in order to empower rural women economically to cope with challenges of climate change. This will help to reduce poverty and vulnerability among rural women as well as enhance rural development.Invalid data type in setData: Promoting Entrepreneurship and Diversification as a Strategy for Climate Change Adaptation among Rural Women in Anambra State, NigeriaInvalid data type in setData: Invalid data type in setData: Invalid data type in setData: AjaniInvalid data type in setData: ENInvalid data type in setData: Invalid data type in setData: Invalid data type in setData: IgbokweInvalid data type in setData: EMInvalid data type in setData: enInvalid data type in setData: Invalid data type in setData: Invalid data type in setData: 0Invalid data type in setData: 0Invalid data type in setData: 0Invalid data type in setData: Invalid data type in setData: AJOLInvalid data type in setData:

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Invalid data type in setData: Interested in submitting to this journal? We recommend that you review the About the Journal page for the journal's section policies, as well as the Author Guidelines. Authors need to register with the journal prior to submitting, or if already registered can simply log in and begin the 5 step process.Invalid data type in setData: African Journals OnLineInvalid data type in setData: Copyright for articles published in this journal is retained by the journal.Invalid data type in setData: We encourage research librarians to list this journal among their library's electronic journal holdings. As well, it may be worth noting that this journal's open source publishing system is suitable for libraries to host for their faculty members to use with journals they are involved in editing (see Open Journal Systems).Invalid data type in setData: Copyright for articles published in this journal is retained by the journal.Invalid data type in setData: This journal utilizes the LOCKSS system to create a distributed archiving system among participating libraries and permits those libraries to create permanent archives of the journal for purposes of preservation and restoration. More...Invalid data type in setData: The payment of this fee will enroll you as a member in this association for one year and provide you with free access to this journal.Invalid data type in setData: Association MembershipInvalid data type in setData: African Journals OnlineInvalid data type in setData:

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